Marine Science I- Chapter 2 Quiz

What percentage of Earth's surface is covered by oceans?

• 71%

• 80%

• 60%

• 50%

Which ocean basin is the largest?

• Atlantic

• Indian

• Arctic

• Pacific

What type of rock primarily makes up the oceanic crust?

• Limestone

• Sandstone

• Basalt

• Granite

Who proposed the first detailed hypothesis of continental drift?

• Alfred Wegener

• Marie Tharp

• Isaac Newton

• Sir Francis Bacon

What is the name of the continuous chain of submarine volcanic mountains discovered by SONAR surveys?

• Mid-Ocean Ridge System

• Mid-Atlantic Ridge

• Himalayas

• Andes

What is the process called when new oceanic crust is formed at mid-ocean ridges?

• Sedimentation

• Seafloor spreading

• Erosion

• Subduction

What is the term for the downward movement of a plate into the mantle?

• Convection

• Spreading

• Rifting

• Subduction

What type of sediment is derived from the physical and chemical breakdown of rocks?

• Biogenous sediment

• Cosmogenous sediment

• Lithogenous sediment

• Hydrogenous sediment

What is the name of the shallowest part of the continental margin?

• Continental shelf

• Continental rise

• Continental slope

• Abyssal plain

What are the chimney-like structures that form around hydrothermal vents called?

• Black smokers

• White smokers

• Fumaroles

• Geysers