Enlightenment Thinkers

Around what time period did the Enlightenment occur?

• 1500s

• 1600s

• 1700s

• 1800s

What is the divine right of kings?

• The idea that monarchs get their power to rule from God

• The idea that people give up some of their natural rights to the government

• The idea that certain values are inherent and that reason can enable people to follow them

• The idea that government can and should be legally limited in its powers

Answer explanation

The divine right of kings is the idea that monarchs get their power to rule from God.

What is absolute monarchy?

• A system of government in which the monarchy holds all the power

• The idea that government can and should be legally limited in its powers

• The idea that monarchs get their power to rule from God

• The idea that certain values are inherent and that reason can enable people to follow them

Answer explanation

Absolute monarchy is a system of government where the monarchy holds all the power.

What is limited government?

• The idea that government can and should be legally limited in its powers

• The idea that certain values are inherent and that reason can enable people to follow them

• A system of government in which the monarchy holds all the power

• The idea that monarchs get their power to rule from God

Answer explanation

Limited government refers to the idea that government should have legal restrictions on its powers, ensuring that it is not too powerful or intrusive.

What is the social contract?

• Of or relating to the citizens or individuals in a society

• The idea that people give up some of their natural rights to the government in exchange for protection and safety

• The basic principle of a system of government that asserts that the people are the source of any and all governmental power

• Laws that are based on what is culturally standard in a country and that country's prior judicial decisions

Answer explanation

The social contract is the idea that people give up some of their natural rights to the government in exchange for protection and safety.

Which Enlightenment philosopher believed government works best when there is separation of powers?

• Hobbes
• Locke
• Montesquieu
• Rousseau

According to Locke, all humans share a set of __________.

•  internal organs
• natural rights
• hopes and dreams
• traits and motivations

Locke's inalienable rights include...

• life, liberty, and property
• pizza, chips, and soda
• life, property, and travel
• freedom of speech, freedom to bear arms, and freedom of assemble

Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke would all support:

• A dictatorship
• A democracy
• An absolute monarchy
• All of these

Which of the following would NOT be an Enlightenment ideal?  

• one ruler should make laws
• the government should represent the people
• the government should be limited
• citizens should have their natural rights