KE and PE Review part 2

A rock is thrown straight up from the surface of Earth. Neglecting air resistance, which one of the following statements describes the energy transformation of the rock as it rises?

• The total energy of the rock increases.

• The kinetic energy increases and the potential energy decreases.

• The kinetic energy decreases and the potential energy increases.

• The kinetic and potential energy of the rock remain the same.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The pictures show a boy riding a bicycle uphill and on level ground. What energy conversions take place during these activities?

• Riding uphill, the boy's work is converted into magnetic energy; riding on level ground, his work is converted into thermal energy.

• Riding uphill, the boy's work is converted into thermal energy; riding on level ground, his work is converted into potential energy.

  
  

• Riding uphill, the boy's work is converted into potential energy; riding on level ground, his work is converted into kinetic energy.

• Riding uphill, the boy's work is converted into kinetic energy; riding on level ground, his work is converted into magnetic energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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The picture shows the path of a baseball tossed in the air. The picture shows the path of a baseball tossed in the air.
Which is true about point S?

• The total energy at point S is equal to half of the total energy of the system because kinetic energy has been destroyed.

• The total energy at point S is equal to three times the total energy of the system because the kinetic energy has been increased.

• The total energy at point S is equal to twice the total energy of the system because new energy is created as the potential energy increases.

• The total energy at point S is equal to the total energy of the system because energy has been transformed from kinetic energy to potential energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of the following best illustrates the law of conservation of energy?

• The work done stretching a spring is transformed into stored energy in the spring.

• Leak-proof batteries are able to store chemical energy for long periods of time.

• A jogger conserves her energy by reducing the rate at which she jogs.

• Ice water changes into liquid water when it absorbs heat energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

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A spring is compressed and released. The pictures show the spring before and after it is released. 

• The total energy remains constant because the potential energy of the compressed spring is transformed into kinetic energy.

• The total energy remains constant because the kinetic energy of the compressed spring is transformed into potential energy.

• The total energy is decreased because the potential energy of the compressed spring is lost to kinetic energy.

• The total energy is decreased because the kinetic energy of the compressed spring is lost to potential energy.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student creates a model of a roller coaster to demonstrate energy transformation. She places the roller coaster car at the highest point and lets it go. The car rolls forward and completes the course with no additional energy.

What energy transformation can the student describe as occurring between point A and point C?

• Kinetic changes to potential, then some potential changes to thermal.

• Potential changes to kinetic, then some kinetic changes to potential.

• Kinetic changes to potential, then some potential changes to kinetic.

• Thermal changes to potential, then some potential changes to thermal.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

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In Greek mythology, there was a king named Sisyphus, who was a liar and a cheat. In his arrogance, Sisyphus defied the king of the gods, Zeus. Furious, Zeus decided to punish Sisyphus by forcing him to roll an immense boulder up a steep hill, only to watch in vain as it rolled back down again. Sisyphus's punishment repeated endlessly for eternity.

What types of energy does Sisyphus best demonstrate in his punishment?

• 
  thermal energy as the boulder is pushed up the hill, and kinetic energy when it rolls back down

• kinetic energy as the boulder is pushed up the hill, and thermal energy when it rolls back down

• chemical potential energy as the boulder is pushed up the hill, and kinetic energy when it rolls back down

• gravitational potential energy as the boulder is pushed up the hill, and kinetic energy when it rolls back down

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student investigates the relationship between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy by sliding a smooth ice cube along the inside of a large punch bowl. The diagram below shows five positions of the cube in the bowl. Use this diagram to answer any questions that follow.
At which position is the gravitational potential energy of the ice cube the greatest?

• I

• II

• III

• IV

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

At which position is the kinetic energy of the ice cube the greatest?

• I

• II

• III

• IV

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A ball is dropped from rest from point 1, and by the time it reaches point 2, it has gained 2 J of kinetic energy. As it continues its fall from point 2 to point 3, its kinetic energy increases by another 6 J.

What is the ball's change in gravitational potential energy as it falls from point 1 to point 3?

• an increase of about 6 J

• an increase of about 8 J

• a decrease of about 6 J

• a decrease of about 8 J

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5