Week 6-Diaphragm/ Liver Quiz

How many types of openings penetrate the diaphragm?

• One

• Two

• Three

• Four

Answer explanation

The diaphragm has three main openings: the aortic hiatus, the esophageal hiatus, and the caval opening. Therefore, the correct answer is three.

What is the shape of the diaphragm?

• Flat

• Dome-shaped

• Cylindrical

• Triangular

Answer explanation

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. This unique shape allows it to contract and expand effectively during breathing, making 'dome-shaped' the correct answer.

Which vertebra is part of the diaphragm's boundary?

• Vertebra TX

• Vertebra TXI

• Vertebra TXII

• Vertebra TXIII

Answer explanation

Vertebra TXII is part of the diaphragm's boundary, as it is located at the level where the diaphragm attaches to the spine. The other vertebrae listed do not correspond to this anatomical landmark.

Where is the external abdominal oblique located?

• Under the obliques

• On the side and front of the abdomen

• Along the front of the abdomen

• Running in the opposite direction of the internal oblique

Answer explanation

The external abdominal oblique is located on the side and front of the abdomen, making this the correct choice. It plays a key role in trunk rotation and lateral flexion.

Which muscle is located under the obliques and is the deepest of the abdominal muscles?

• Rectus abdominis

• Transverse abdominis

• External abdominal oblique

• Internal abdominal oblique

Answer explanation

The transverse abdominis is the deepest abdominal muscle, located beneath the obliques. It plays a crucial role in core stability and is essential for maintaining proper posture.

What is the function of the transverse abdominis?

• Provides stability and protection by wrapping around the spine

• Runs in the opposite direction of the external oblique

• Located on the side and front of the abdomen

• Known for the "six pack" appearance

Answer explanation

The transverse abdominis is crucial for core stability and protection, as it wraps around the spine, providing support. This distinguishes it from other abdominal muscles that do not primarily serve this stabilizing function.

Which muscle is located under the external obliques?

• Rectus abdominis

• Internal abdominal oblique

• Transverse abdominis

• External abdominal oblique

Answer explanation

The internal abdominal oblique muscle is located beneath the external obliques. It plays a crucial role in trunk rotation and lateral flexion, making it the correct answer.

Which muscle is located along the front of the abdomen and is often referred to as the "six pack"?

• Internal abdominal oblique

• Rectus abdominis

• External abdominal oblique

• Transverse abdominis

Answer explanation

The muscle located along the front of the abdomen, commonly known as the "six pack," is the rectus abdominis. It is responsible for flexing the spine and is prominent in well-defined abdominal muscles.

What is the vertebral level indicated by the Transpyloric plane?

• L1

• L3

• L4

• L5

Answer explanation

The Transpyloric plane is located at the level of the L1 vertebra. It is an important anatomical reference point, typically passing through the pylorus of the stomach and the duodenum.

Which plane is a vertical plane from the midpoint of the clavicle to the midpoint of the inguinal ligament?

• Transpyloric

• Midclavicular

• Median

• Subcostal

Answer explanation

The midclavicular plane is a vertical plane that runs from the midpoint of the clavicle to the midpoint of the inguinal ligament, making it the correct choice for this question.