Enlightenment Ideas about Government

Who was Thomas Hobbes?

• Thomas Hobbes was a medieval king of England.
• Thomas Hobbes was an English philosopher known for his political philosophy.
• Thomas Hobbes was a scientist known for his work in physics.
• Thomas Hobbes was a famous painter from Italy.

What was the name of the book Thomas Hobbes published about the power of government?

• The Social Contract
• The Prince
• Leviathan
• Democracy in America

According to Hobbes, what does the "state of nature" mean?

• The 'state of nature' refers to a condition of human existence without political authority, marked by anarchy and conflict.
• The 'state of nature' is a peaceful coexistence among individuals.
• The 'state of nature' refers to a government-controlled society.
• The 'state of nature' is a concept that promotes absolute monarchy.

What rights do individuals have in a state of nature, according to Hobbes?

• Individuals have the right to form alliances with others for mutual benefit.
• Individuals must obey the laws of a governing body.
• Individuals have the right to own property without restrictions.
• Individuals have the right to do anything.

In a state of nature, what exists to protect individuals and their property from harm?

• Self-defense and personal responsibility
• Insurance policies
• Community watch groups
• Government intervention

How did Hobbes sum up people's quality of life in a state of nature?

• life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
• poor, nasty, brutish, and short
• fulfilling, long-lived, philosophical, and introspective
• scared, hungry, lonely, and cold

Hobbes states that people naturally want to leave the state of nature and do what?

• Establish a social contract and create a governing authority.
• Form a monarchy without consent.
• Create a utopian society without rules.
• Return to a state of complete freedom.

When individuals form a society for mutual protection and benefit, what must they give up for the society to function?

• Personal freedom and autonomy
• Total independence from societal rules
• Unlimited access to resources
• Complete control over personal decisions

This condition, when individuals give up their rights to form a society with rules, is called what?

• social contract
• community pact
• civil accord
• social agreement

How do individuals know they are part of the social contract and society, according to Hobbes?

• Citizens recognize their involvement through government propaganda and media influence.
• People understand their place in society by following traditional customs without question.
• Individuals are aware of their role through personal intuition and feelings.
• Individuals know they are part of the social contract by recognizing the need for a common authority for peace and security and following the rules of that society.