Understanding Atoms and Ions

What is the atomic number of an element?

• The atomic number represents the mass of an element.

• The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in its nucleus.

• The atomic number is the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

• The atomic number is the total number of electrons in an atom.

Define mass number and how it is calculated.

• Mass number = Number of protons + Number of electrons

• Mass number = Number of neutrons - Number of protons

• Mass number = Total number of particles in the nucleus excluding neutrons

• Mass number = Number of protons + Number of neutrons

What are the charges on protons, neutrons, and electrons?

• Protons: +1, Neutrons: 0, Electrons: -1

• Protons: +2, Neutrons: 0, Electrons: -1

• Protons: +1, Neutrons: -1, Electrons: 0

• Protons: 0, Neutrons: +1, Electrons: -1

Where are protons located in an atom?

• Floating freely in space

• In the nucleus of an atom.

• In the outer shell

• In the electron cloud

Where are neutrons located in an atom?

• Floating freely in the nucleus

• In the nucleus of an atom.

• In the outer shell of the atom

• In the electron cloud

Where are electrons located in an atom?

• Electrons are located in electron shells around the nucleus of an atom.

• Electrons are located in the protons of an atom.

• Electrons are found in the nucleus of an atom.

• Electrons are scattered randomly throughout the atom.

How do you determine the number of protons in an isotope?

• The number of protons varies with the isotope's stability.

• Protons can be calculated by subtracting neutrons from electrons.

• The number of protons is equal to the atomic number of the element.

• The number of protons is determined by the mass number.

How do you find the number of neutrons in an isotope?

• Neutrons = Atomic Number + Mass Number

• Neutrons = Atomic Number - Mass Number

• Neutrons = Mass Number x Atomic Number

• Neutrons = Mass Number - Atomic Number

What is the difference between an atom and an ion?

• An atom is neutral, while an ion has a net charge due to the loss or gain of electrons.

• Atoms are larger than ions in size.

• Ions are only found in gases, while atoms are in solids.

• An atom has a net charge, while an ion is neutral.

Define cation and anion.

• Cation: negatively charged ion; Anion: positively charged ion.

• Cation: neutral ion; Anion: charged particle.

• Cation: ion with no charge; Anion: ion with multiple charges.

• Cation: positively charged ion; Anion: negatively charged ion.