Exploring the Nature of Science in AICE Marine

The video tutorial covers the scientific method, emphasizing its empirical nature and objectivity. It explains the process of science, including inductive and deductive reasoning, and details the steps of conducting controlled experiments. A case study on sea stars illustrates the application of these concepts. The video also distinguishes between scientific theories and laws, using Darwin's coral atoll theory as an example of how theories evolve with new evidence.

What does it mean when we say science is empirical?

• It is based on experimentation and measurable evidence.

• It is based on opinions.

• It is subjective.

• It is based on preconceived notions.

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Which type of reasoning involves making conclusions based on prior knowledge?

• Inductive reasoning

• Deductive reasoning

• Empirical reasoning

• Subjective reasoning

What is the first step in the scientific method?

• Making an observation

• Performing an experiment

• Formulating a hypothesis

• Conducting research

Why is it important for a hypothesis to be testable?

• So it can be biased

• So it can be subjective

• So it can be based on opinions

• So it can be measured and verified through experimentation

In a controlled experiment, what is the purpose of the control group?

• To change the independent variable

• To serve as a baseline for comparison

• To ensure the results are by chance

• To manipulate the dependent variable

What is a keystone species?

• A species that is not affected by changes in the environment

• A species that has a large impact on its environment and other species

• A species that is always the top predator

• A species that is not important to the ecosystem

What is the main difference between a theory and a law in science?

• A theory is always true, while a law can change.

• A theory explains why phenomena occur, while a law explains how nature behaves.

• A theory is a mathematical representation, while a law is not.

• A theory explains how nature behaves, while a law explains why phenomena occur.

What did Darwin's theory of coral atoll formation propose?

• Volcanic islands erode and sink, allowing coral reefs to grow upward.

• Coral reefs form only in shallow water and never change.

• Coral reefs grow in deep water and sink over time.

• Volcanic islands rise and coral reefs grow downward.

How did advancements in technology help verify Darwin's theory?

• By demonstrating that volcanic islands do not erode.

• By showing that coral reefs cannot grow upward.

• By drilling into atolls and finding volcanic rock at the bottom.

• By proving that coral reefs do not grow in deep water.

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What role do symbiotic algae play in coral reefs?

• They live only in deep water.

• They erode the coral skeletons.

• They help corals make food through photosynthesis.

• They are not important for coral growth.

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