Exploring the Concept of Valency in Atoms and Molecules

What is the main difference in reactivity between hydrogen and helium?

• Hydrogen is unreactive while helium is reactive.

• Helium reacts with many elements, but hydrogen does not.

• Both hydrogen and helium are highly reactive.

• Hydrogen reacts with many elements, but helium does not.

What does the term 'electronic configuration' refer to?

• The number of neutrons in an atom.

• The arrangement of electrons in an atom's shells.

• The total mass of an atom.

• The number of protons in an atom.

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

What is the maximum number of electrons that the first shell of an atom can hold?

• Two

• Four

• Six

• Eight

What is the term used to describe the state when an atom's outermost shell has eight electrons?

• Hexet state

• Decet state

• Octet state

• Duet state

Why do atoms strive to have a full outermost shell?

• To increase their mass.

• To lose energy.

• To achieve a stable state.

• To become radioactive.

In the analogy of chocolates, what do the chocolates represent?

• Protons

• Atoms

• Electrons

• Neutrons

How many electrons does oxygen have in its outermost shell?

• Two

• Four

• Six

• Eight

How can oxygen achieve a stable state?

• By splitting into two atoms.

• By becoming a noble gas.

• By gaining or sharing electrons.

• By losing electrons.

What is formed when atoms share, give, or take electrons?

• Isotopes

• Compounds

• Ions

• Molecules

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NGSS.MS-PS1-1

What concept explains how atoms decide the number of electrons to give, take, or share?

• Radioactivity

• Valency

• Isotopes

• Atomic mass