DNA Replication: Mechanisms and Processes

DNA replication involves both strands of the double helix serving as templates for new DNA molecules. The process occurs at the replication fork, where helicase separates the strands. The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand forms Okazaki fragments. These fragments are synthesized in a 5' to 3' direction. Protective proteins cover single DNA strands, and some details are simplified for clarity.

What is the role of the replication fork in DNA replication?

• It is where DNA strands are separated.

• It is where new DNA strands are synthesized.

• It is where DNA is transcribed into RNA.

• It is where proteins are synthesized.

Which enzyme is responsible for separating the two DNA strands?

• Primase

• Helicase

• Ligase

• DNA polymerase

At what speed does helicase spin the DNA in bacterial systems?

• 10,000 RPM

• 5,000 RPM

• 1,000 RPM

• 15,000 RPM

What is the 3 prime DNA strand also known as?

• Lagging strand

• Leading strand

• Okazaki fragment

• Replication fork

Which enzyme uses the leading strand as a continuous template?

• Helicase

• Ligase

• DNA polymerase

• Primase

What are the sections called that the lagging strand is organized into?

• Okazaki fragments

• Nucleotides

• Replication forks

• Leading strands

In which orientation are Okazaki fragments presented to the second DNA polymerase?

• 3 prime to 5 prime

• 5 prime to 3 prime

• 2 prime to 4 prime

• 4 prime to 2 prime

What happens to the finished section of the lagging strand after copying is complete?

• It is released and the next loop is drawn back for replication.

• It is discarded.

• It is immediately transcribed into RNA.

• It is used as a template for the leading strand.

What covers the exposed strands of single DNA?

• Protective binding proteins

• Helicase

• RNA primers

• DNA ligase