Exploring Enlightenment Thinkers: Locke, Voltaire, and Montesquieu

The video explores the transition from natural philosophers to modern scientists during the Enlightenment. It highlights John Locke's political philosophy, emphasizing government by consent and natural rights. French philosophers like Voltaire and Montesquieu advocated for human rights and separation of powers. Enlightenment ideas significantly influenced the American and French Revolutions, shaping modern democratic principles.

What were natural philosophers known as in modern times?

• Biologists

• Scientists

• Philosophers

• Astronomers

What did John Locke believe about the power of government?

• It should be based on wealth

• It should be absolute

• It should come from the consent of the governed

• It should be inherited

Which revolution did John Locke take comfort in?

• American Revolution

• French Revolution

• Industrial Revolution

• Glorious Revolution of 1688

Which French philosopher championed freedom of speech?

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

• Rousseau

• Diderot

What did Montesquieu advocate for in government?

• Absolute monarchy

• Complete separation of powers

• Direct democracy

• Theocracy

What did nearly all Enlightenment philosophers want to see in terms of church and state?

• State control over the church

• A union of church and state

• A strict separation of church and state

• Church control over the state

What were Enlightenment philosophers usually in terms of religious beliefs?

• Atheists

• Agnostics

• Polytheists

• Deists

Which American leader frequently referred to Enlightenment ideas when composing the Declaration of Independence?

• George Washington

• Benjamin Franklin

• John Adams

• Thomas Jefferson

What did the framers of the United States Constitution use Enlightenment ideas for?

• To create a new religion

• To design architecture

• To develop a plan of government

• To write poetry

Which two revolutions were deeply influenced by Enlightenment ideas?

• Glorious and Industrial Revolutions

• Russian and Chinese Revolutions

• American and French Revolutions

• Industrial and Scientific Revolutions