Key Vocabulary in Genetics

What is the primary function of a gene?

• To fight infections

• To code for a specific trait

• To store energy

• To transport oxygen

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

What is an allele?

• A type of chromosome

• A version of a gene

• A protein

• A type of cell

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NGSS.HS-LS3-2

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

• 25

• 24

• 23

• 22

What is the role of chromosomes in genetics?

• To store and protect DNA

• To produce proteins

• To transport nutrients

• To fight infections

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

What is the term for the physical manifestation of a trait?

• Phenotype

• Allele

• Chromosome

• Genotype

What is the term for the combination of alleles that an individual has?

• Protein

• Phenotype

• Genotype

• Chromosome

What does homozygous mean?

• Having one allele for a gene

• Having two different alleles for a gene

• Having two identical alleles for a gene

• Having no alleles for a gene

What does heterozygous mean?

• Having two different alleles for a gene

• Having two identical alleles for a gene

• Having no alleles for a gene

• Having one allele for a gene

Which allele is expressed in a heterozygous genotype if one allele is dominant?

• Neither allele

• The dominant allele

• The recessive allele

• Both alleles equally

What is the result of two recessive alleles in a genotype?

• The recessive trait is expressed

• Both traits are expressed equally

• The dominant trait is expressed

• No trait is expressed

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1