Historical Thinking & Enlightenment Part 3

________: This Polish astronomer put forth the theory that the sun was the center of the universe. Around which the Earth and the other planets revolved. This challenged the church's teachings.

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Tycho Brahe

• Johannes Kepler

• Galileo Galilei

_______: The scientific theory that the sun is the center of the universe.

• Geocentric

• Suncentric

• Solarcentric

• Heliocentric

_________: This Danish astronomer produced the most accurate measurement and locations of the stars before the use of the telescope. His observation that a new star had appeared in an existing constellation challenged the belief that the stars were fixed and forever unchanging.

• Galileo Galilei

• Tycho Brahe

• Johannes Kepler

• John Locke

_________: This Italian astronomer and mathematician's use of the telescope supported the heliocentric universe theorized by Copernicus. His discoveries challenged established scientific and religious thinking. Lesser known for his contributions to the development of the scientific method.

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Galileo Galilei

• Johannes Kepler

• Francis Bacon

_____: Careful, step-by-step process used to confirm findings and to prove or disprove a hypothesis.

• The Scientific Method

• Boyle's Method

• The Steps Method of Scientific Research

• Conklin's Law

__________: This distinguished English philosopher, statesman, and lawyer promoted rational thought. Stressing experimentation and observation. Thus, being one of the pioneers of the Scientific Method. He was held in high regards by philosophers and scientists in Europe as well as England.

• Robert Boyle

• Francis Bacon

• John Locke

• Marvin Hanrahan

_______: This French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist was one of the first to abandon traditional methods of thought based on Aristotle's teachings. Instead, he promoted a new science based on observation and experiments. For this, he has been called the father of modern philosophy.

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• John Locke

• Rene Descarte

• Jean-Paul Marat

_________: This English-Irish philosopher and writer focused on chemistry, physics, and natural history. His work with pressurized air led to the development of Boyle's Law, which described the relationship between pressure pressure and the volume of gas.

• Cornelius Boyle

• Robert Boyle

• Matthew Conklin

• Gregory Rasputin

________: Considered one of the most important figures of the Scientific Revolution; this English mathematician and physicist developed the 3 Laws of Motion. Thus, serving as the basic principles of modern physics and led to the formulation of the universal law of gravity. Other contributions associated with this individual: developed the foundation for Calculus and his Theory of Light.

• Isaac Newton

• Isaac Galilei

• Robert Newton

• Isaac Brahe

________: The ancient theory, that the Earth was the center of the universe. All other planets and the sun rotate around the Earth. 

• Heliocentric

• Geocentric

• Earocentric

• Ethnocentric