National End-of-Course Test Practice - Chapter 1

What are the roles of the two test groups in this investigation?

• Both are experimental groups, and each individually shows the effect of the direction of light.

• One is the experimental group and one is the control group, and together they show the effect of the direction of light.

• Both are control groups, but only Test Group 1 shows the effect of the direction of light.

• Both are experimental groups, but only Test Group 1 shows the effect of the direction of light.

• Both are experimental groups, but only Test Group 2 shows the effect of the direction of light.

After analyzing the results of the experiment, Valerie asks if her hypothesis should be classified as a theory. Which is the best response to Valerie’s question?

• Yes, because her data support the hypothesis.

• Yes, but only if additional experiments show similar results.

• No, because the experiment did not provide enough data to support the hypothesis.

• No, because a theory is a highly reliable explanation that incorporates many well-tested hypotheses.

• No, because a theory and a hypothesis do not relate to one another.

Evolutionary theory has become the central organizing principle of biological science. Could this scientific theory ever become a scientific law?

• Yes, if scientists decide that enough evidence supports the theory.

• Yes, if the theory is shown to predict future events.

• No, because a theory is a complex explanation that does not become a law.

• No, because a theory can be proven correct while a law cannot be proven.

• No, because a theory cannot be proven correct while a law can be proven.

What role, if any, could the griffin have in the science of biology?

• The griffin could be the subject of an investigation of animals.

• The griffin could be cited as evidence to evaluate a hypothesis or theory.

• The griffin could be used to test new ideas about animal structures or behaviors.

• The griffin could provide data for an investigation of real animals.

• The griffin has no role in biology, because it is not real.

In her report of an investigation, Shira states that the height of a bush is 0.65 meters. Nathaniel states that the height of the same bush is 65 centimeters. How do the statements of the two students compare?

• Shira stated a greater height.

• Nathaniel stated a greater height.

• The students used different metric units to state the same height.

• The students used different units, only one of which is metric, to state the same height.

• Shira stated the height more accurately.

Which of the following is a unit that makes up living organisms?

• DNA

• Cells

• Energy

• Stimuli

When news of a scientific discovery is reported, which statement indicates a valid and credible claim?

• The scientist aimed for pinpoint accuracy by using a small sample size.

• The scientist followed strict standards of investigation and scientific methodology throughout the research.

• The scientist assured that the experiment was broad in scope by testing many variables in each trial.

• No other scientists replicated the experiment to avoid the legal issues of patent infringement.

• The scientist restated the hypothesis after performing the trial in order to have a more accurate hypothesis.

What was the main reason for the loss of the Mars Climate Orbiter in 1999?

• A) A software bug

• B) Confusion between the English and metric systems

• C) A fuel leak

• D) A communication error