NUTR 422: Exam 4 Review

Which of the following reactions requires Thiamin's coenzyme for completion?

• Urea Cycle

• Transition Rxn (pyruvate-> Acetyl-CoA)

• Transamination of BCAAs

• Step 4 of TCA Cycle (a-KG -> Succinyl-CoA)

Answer explanation

-TDP/TPP particularly used in oxidative decarboxylation reactions

-also necessary for glycogenolysis (NUTR 315)

FAD is necessary for which of the following reactions?

• b-oxidation

• Electron Transport Chain

• TCA Cycle (Step 1: Acetyl-CoA -> citrate)

• TCA Cycle (Step 6: succinate -> fumarate)

Niacin's coenzyme form functions most importantly as an _ carrier/acceptor.

Answer explanation

FAD and NAD+ important as electron (H+) carriers/acceptors

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Which of the following is TRUE regarding Coenzyme A, Pantothenic Acid's coenzyme?

• Its structure includes a-alanine.

• It is needed for metabolism of all macronutrients.

• It is not needed for Acetyl-CoA synthesis.

• It is responsible for aryl group transfers.

Answer explanation

-acyl group transfers (O=C-R)

What are the differences between ferrous and ferric Iron?

Answer explanation

-ferrous (Fe2+) vs ferric (Fe3+)

-Fe2+ is reduced form

-non-heme Iron is absorbed as ferrous in the SI (via DMT1)

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

The three "compartments" relevant to Iron Deficiency Anemia are...

• Bone Marrow Storage/Transthyretin Levels/Hematocrit

• Liver Concentration/Transferrin Receptors/Hemoglobin

• Iron Stores/Circulating Iron/Erythron Iron

• MCH/Hematocrit/CBC

If a patient has Iron Deficiency Anemia, what would you expect to see in Ferritin and Serum Transferrin Receptors labs? What would the status of their erythrocytes be?

Answer explanation

-review Figure 13-9, Compartments/Stages/Measurements in IDA

What are some compounds/foods that increase non-heme Iron bioavailability?

Answer explanation

-acid (Vitamin C)

-sugars

-meat

-mucin (glycoproteins found in animal foods)

Which represents the active form of thyroid hormone?

• thyroxine

• T4

• T3

• transthyretin

Active Transport of Calcium requires Calbindin to carry it across the enterocyte (proper absorption). Which of the following can increase the synthesis of Calbindin?

• Ergocalciferol

• Calcidiol (25 OH Vitamin D3)

• Cholecaciferol

• Calcitriol (1,25 (OH)2 Vitamin D3)