Quiz about Earth Science Chapter 1-4 Review

Question 1

By what year is the ozone hole expected to close up?

Accepted Answer

2050

Answer

2040

Answer

2060

Answer

2030

Question 2

What does CFC stand for?

Accepted Answer

Chlorofluorocarbons

Answer

Chlorine Fluoride Chemicals

Answer

Carbon Fluoride Compounds

Answer

Carbonated Fluorine Compounds

Question 3

Environmentalism is best described as:

Accepted Answer

A social movement dedicated to protecting the natural world

Answer

An economic strategy

Answer

A government policy

Answer

A scientific discipline

Question 4

Which of the following is a renewable natural resource?

Accepted Answer

Sunlight

Answer

Crude oil

Answer

Coal

Answer

Natural gas

Question 5

How are scientific ideas generally regarded?

Accepted Answer

Supported and accepted

Answer

Disproven and ignored

Answer

Assumed and unquestioned

Answer

Proven and believed in

Question 6

Which statement is true about science?

Accepted Answer

It is an organized way of studying

Answer

It is based on beliefs

Answer

It changes its rules frequently

Answer

It deals with the supernatural

Question 7

What is the basis of scientific evidence?

Accepted Answer

Measurements and observations

Answer

Superstition

Answer

Assumptions

Answer

Myths

Question 8

Which of the following is a part of the scientific process?

Accepted Answer

Seeking evidence

Answer

Disregarding ideas

Answer

Avoiding questions

Answer

Ignoring results

Question 9

What does a hypothesis need to be considered scientific?

Accepted Answer

It must be testable

Answer

It must be proven

Answer

It must be simple

Answer

It must be complex

Question 10

What happens if a hypothesis is supported by data?

Accepted Answer

It is accepted as a possible explanation

Answer

It is considered proven

Answer

It becomes a law

Answer

It is rejected

Question 11

What is the significance of writing papers about their study?

Accepted Answer

To document and share findings

Answer

To confuse others

Answer

To hide findings

Answer

To keep findings private

Question 12

How can interpretations of data change over time?

Accepted Answer

As knowledge accumulates.

Answer

As technology decreases.

Answer

As data becomes irrelevant.

Answer

As interest in the topic fades.

Question 13

What is the primary cause of frequent beach closures near San Diego, California?

Accepted Answer

The heavily polluted Tijuana River

Answer

Excessive tourism

Answer

High tides and strong currents

Answer

Overfishing in the Pacific Ocean

Question 14

What is an example of a service provided by the environment that economies depend on?

Accepted Answer

Fresh water

Answer

Timber

Answer

Sunlight

Answer

Nutrient cycling

Question 15

How can economic activity affect the environment?

Accepted Answer

It can negatively affect the environment, which in turn can negatively affect economies.

Answer

It has no effect on the environment.

Answer

It can only positively affect the environment.

Answer

It can only negatively affect the environment.

Question 16

What is emphasized in harmful economic assumptions according to the provided material?

Accepted Answer

Short-term costs and benefits

Answer

Long-term costs and benefits

Answer

Sustainable resource use

Answer

Finite economic growth

Question 17

According to the harmful economic assumptions, what is the belief about resources?

Accepted Answer

Resources are unlimited.

Answer

Resources are limited.

Answer

Resources are finite.

Answer

Resources are scarce.

Question 18

What is an example of a corporate response to the call for sustainable goods and services?

Accepted Answer

Ecolabeling

Answer

Price reduction

Answer

Outsourcing

Answer

Market expansion

Question 19

What is environmental policy?

Accepted Answer

A set of general plans and principles for interactions between humans and the environment

Answer

A policy for urban planning

Answer

A guideline for economic development

Answer

A set of laws for managing natural resources

Question 20

What tends to happen to environmental laws in states that experience environmental disasters?

Accepted Answer

They tend to become stronger.

Answer

They remain unchanged.

Answer

They become weaker.

Answer

They are abolished.

Question 21

What was the general feeling about resources and land during the first period of U.S. environmental policy?

Accepted Answer

They were in endless supply

Answer

They were to be imported from other countries

Answer

They were scarce and needed conservation

Answer

They were only for the wealthy

Question 22

What significant systems were formed as a result of the environmental policies during the Second Period?

Accepted Answer

National forest system and national park system

Answer

National highway system and public transportation system

Answer

National defense system and communication system

Answer

National healthcare system and education system

Question 23

What led to increasing resource consumption and pollution in the mid- to late-1900s?

Accepted Answer

Technological advancements

Answer

Dense populations

Answer

Agricultural expansion

Answer

Decrease in industrial activities

Question 24

What is the primary responsibility of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring, enforcing, and researching environmental quality

Answer

Enforcing traffic laws

Answer

Managing national parks

Answer

Regulating financial markets

Question 25

Which of the following statements is true about environmental issues?

Accepted Answer

Environmental issues often involve more than one nation.

Answer

Environmental issues are always local.

Answer

Environmental issues often involve only one nation.

Answer

Environmental issues do not require international cooperation.

Question 26

Which approach to environmental policy involves providing financial incentives to reduce environmental impact?

Accepted Answer

Tax breaks and subsidies

Answer

Green taxes

Answer

Local incentives

Answer

Command-and-control

Question 27

Which approach to environmental policy involves imposing taxes on environmentally harmful activities?

Accepted Answer

Green taxes

Answer

Local incentives

Answer

Tax breaks and subsidies

Answer

Command-and-control

Question 28

What causes plankton blooms and hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient-rich runoff

Answer

Overfishing

Answer

Climate change

Answer

Oil spills

Question 29

What is the effect of hypoxia on marine organisms in the Gulf of Mexico?

Accepted Answer

Kills or displaces marine organisms

Answer

Increases biodiversity

Answer

Improves water quality

Answer

Enhances fish population

Question 30

What is the basic unit of matter?

Accepted Answer

Atom

Answer

Molecule

Answer

Compound

Answer

Cell

Question 31

What does the nucleus of an atom contain?

Accepted Answer

Protons and neutrons

Answer

Electrons only

Answer

Neutrons and electrons

Answer

Electrons and protons

Question 32

What moves around the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Electrons

Answer

Protons

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Molecules

Question 33

What is an element?

Accepted Answer

A substance that cannot be broken down into other substances

Answer

A compound of different atoms

Answer

A substance that can be broken down into other substances

Answer

A mixture of substances

Question 34

What is a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are shared.

Answer

Atoms are split.

Answer

Neutrons are shared.

Answer

Electrons are transferred.

Question 35

What is an ionic bond?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are transferred.

Answer

Protons are shared.

Answer

Neutrons are transferred.

Answer

Electrons are shared.

Question 36

What is a compound?

Accepted Answer

Substance composed of atoms of two or more different elements.

Answer

A mixture of gases.

Answer

A single element.

Answer

A group of molecules.

Question 37

What are organic compounds primarily composed of?

Accepted Answer

Covalently bonded carbon atoms

Answer

Hydrogen bonded oxygen atoms

Answer

Ionic bonded sodium atoms

Answer

Metallic bonded iron atoms

Question 38

What do inorganic compounds lack?

Accepted Answer

Carbon-to-carbon bonds

Answer

Nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds

Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Answer

Oxygen-to-oxygen bonds

Question 39

What is a mixture?

Accepted Answer

A combination of elements, molecules, or compounds that are not bonded chemically.

Answer

A single element or compound.

Answer

A combination of elements, molecules, or compounds that are bonded chemically.

Answer

A combination of gases only.

Question 40

Which of the following macromolecules is responsible for directing protein production and includes DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic Acids

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Question 41

What is one of the unique properties of water due to hydrogen bonding?

Accepted Answer

High density when frozen

Answer

Low cohesion

Answer

Inability to dissolve other molecules

Answer

Resistance to temperature change

Question 42

What does a pH of 7 indicate about a solution?

Accepted Answer

The solution is neutral.

Answer

The solution is acidic.

Answer

The solution is basic.

Answer

The solution is highly acidic.

Question 43

Which of the following pH values indicates a basic solution?

Accepted Answer

9

Answer

3

Answer

7

Answer

5

Question 44

What is the pH range for acidic solutions?

Accepted Answer

Below 7

Answer

Above 7

Answer

Between 7 and 14

Answer

Exactly 7

Question 45

What is the result of a negative feedback loop in a system?

Accepted Answer

Stabilization of a system

Answer

Increase in energy input

Answer

Decrease in matter input

Answer

System moving to an extreme

Question 46

Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop in nature?

Accepted Answer

Predator-prey cycles

Answer

Earthquakes

Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Volcanic eruptions

Question 47

Which of the following spheres is defined by its location and function as the outermost layer of Earth?

Accepted Answer

Lithosphere

Answer

Lower mantle

Answer

Inner core

Answer

Outer core

Question 48

What sphere of Earth includes all living organisms?

Accepted Answer

Biosphere

Answer

Geosphere

Answer

Hydrosphere

Answer

Atmosphere

Question 49

Which layer of Earth is located directly beneath the crust?

Accepted Answer

Upper mantle

Answer

Outer core

Answer

Inner core

Answer

Asthenosphere

Question 50

What is the Earth's crust described as?

Accepted Answer

Thin, cool, rocky outer "skin"

Answer

Inner core is solid metal

Answer

Very hot and mostly solid

Answer

Outer core is molten metal

Question 51

Which part of the Earth is very hot and mostly solid?

Accepted Answer

Mantle

Answer

Outer core

Answer

Crust

Answer

Inner core

Question 52

What is the state of the Earth's inner core?

Accepted Answer

Solid metal

Answer

Thin, cool, rocky outer "skin"

Answer

Molten metal

Answer

Very hot and mostly solid

Question 53

What is the lithosphere composed of?

Accepted Answer

Crust and uppermost mantle

Answer

Outer core

Answer

Soft middle mantle

Answer

Solid rock

Question 54

What role do convection currents in the asthenosphere play?

Accepted Answer

They move tectonic plates

Answer

They solidify the mantle

Answer

They cool the outer core

Answer

They create new crust

Question 55

What is the characteristic of the lower mantle?

Accepted Answer

Soft and pliable

Answer

Solid rock

Answer

Gaseous layer

Answer

Liquid magma

Question 56

What are the three major types of plate boundaries?

Accepted Answer

Divergent, Transform, Convergent

Answer

Transform, Parallel, Convergent

Answer

Divergent, Parallel, Convergent

Answer

Divergent, Transform, Parallel

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