Karyotypes and DNA Vocab Review

Complimentary base

• The simplest unit, or the repeating unit, of a polymer
• matching nitrogen base on a strand of a nucleic acid
• the allele that doesn't code for a protein, is hidden by the dominant allele
• process of copying DNA prior to cell division

Double helix

• A, T, C, G make up the code for DNA
• Chromosome pairs (1 from each parent) that have the same genes, but the genes may contain different alleles.
• the double stranded structure of a molecule of DNA that resembles a twisted ladder
• alleles that codes for the protein, it hides the recessive allele

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Deoxyribose

• process of copying DNA prior to cell division
• building blocks (subunits) of nucleic acids - has a phosphate group, sugar, and base
• sugar found in DNA
• alleles that codes for the protein, it hides the recessive allele

Semiconservative

• Organelle that holds the DNA
• A, T, C, G make up the code for DNA
• region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
• during replication of DNA, one strand of the new molecule of DNA comes directly from the original parent molecule of DNA

Nitrogenous base

• different versions of a gene
• Having two of the same alleles in a genotype (often called Purebred)
• A, T, C, G make up the code for DNA
• process of copying DNA prior to cell division

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

DNA

• sugar found in DNA
• building blocks (subunits) of nucleic acids - has a phosphate group, sugar, and base
• Having two different alleles in a genotype (also called hybrid)
• nucleic acid that has the directions for making proteins

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Replication

• region of a chromosome where the two sister chromatids attach
• Having two different alleles in a genotype (also called hybrid)
• process of copying DNA prior to cell division
• entire set of genetic information that an organism carries in its DNA

Monomers

• The identical copies of the chromatids attached at a centromere (formed by DNA replication)
• The simplest unit, or the repeating unit, of a polymer
• Having two of the same alleles in a genotype (often called Purebred)
• nucleic acid that has the directions for making proteins

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Nucleic acids

• organic molecule carry genetic information, made of nucleotides
• Having two of the same alleles in a genotype (often called Purebred)
• Organelle that holds the DNA
• Loosely coiled DNA (How DNA is usually found)

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Nucleotide

• the double stranded structure of a molecule of DNA that resembles a twisted ladder
• building blocks (subunits) of nucleic acids - has a phosphate group, sugar, and base
• Loosely coiled DNA (How DNA is usually found)
• Tightly coiled DNA (only present during mitosis & meiosis)