GCSE Chemistry Paper 1 2024

Describe the differences between the plum pudding model and the nuclear model of the atom.

Explain how the alpha particle scattering experiment led to the acceptance of the nuclear model of the atom.

Give two properties of transition metals.

Give an advantage of using nanoparticles compared with larger particle sizes.

What is the type of bond in phosphine?

• Covalent

• Ionic

• Metallic

Complete Figure 2 to show the outer electrons in a phosphine molecule.

Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentences. Phosphine is a [ simple covalent | giant covalent | solid ] molecule.

• simple covalent

• giant covalent

• solid

Phosphine has a low boiling point because it has weak [ electrostatic forces | intermolecular forces | covalent bonds ].

• electrostatic forces

• intermolecular forces

• covalent bonds

It takes [ a lot | a small amount | no ] energy to turn phosphine from a liquid into a gas.

• a lot

• a small amount

• no

Explain why diamond is very hard, while graphite is very soft. Your answer should include a comparison of the structure and bonding in diamond with that of graphite.