Upper Limb (Humerus, Radius, Ulna)

What are the four main groups of bones in the upper limb?

• Shoulder girdle, arm, forearm, hand

• Skull, spine, ribs, pelvis

• Femur, tibia, fibula, patella

• Clavicle, scapula, humerus, ulna

Which bone is part of the shoulder girdle?

• Femur

• Scapula

• Tibia

• Radius

Where is the greater tuberosity located on the humerus?

• Medially

• Laterally

• Inferiorly

• Anteriorly

Which muscle attaches to the lesser tuberosity?

• Supraspinatus

• Infraspinatus

• Teres minor

• Subscapularis

What lies against the bone at the surgical neck of the humerus?

• Biceps brachii tendon

• Axillary nerve and circumflex humeral vessels

• Rotator cuff muscles

• Deltoid muscle

What is a common cause of a surgical neck fracture of the humerus?

• Falling on an outstretched hand

• Lifting heavy objects

• Running

• Sitting for long periods

Which nerve is at risk in a surgical neck fracture of the humerus?

• Radial nerve

• Axillary nerve

• Ulnar nerve

• Median nerve

What is the consequence of radial nerve damage in a mid-shaft fracture?

• Loss of sensation in the fingers

• Paralysis of the wrist extensors, resulting in 'wrist drop'

• Inability to move the shoulder, resulting in 'frozen shoulder'

• Loss of elbow flexion, resulting in 'elbow drop'

What does the proximal region of the humerus articulate with to form the shoulder joint?

• Trochlear notch of the ulna

• Glenoid fossa of the scapula

• Head of the radius

• Capitulum of the humerus

What is a supracondylar fracture?

• A fracture of the distal radius

• A fracture of the distal humerus just above the elbow joint

• A fracture of the proximal femur

• A fracture of the clavicle