In which type of government do states or regions maintain most of the power while having a loose connection to the central government?

• Confederal

• Monarchy

• Federal

• Unitary

Answer explanation

A confederal government is characterized by a union of states or regions that retain most of the power, with a weak central authority. This contrasts with federal and unitary systems, where power is more centralized.

What is the main characteristic of a democracy?

• Supreme power is vested in a monarch.

• Supreme power is vested in the people.

• Power is divided between central and regional governments.

• The government is chosen by the legislative branch.

Answer explanation

The main characteristic of a democracy is that supreme power is vested in the people, meaning they have the authority to make decisions through voting and participation in governance.

Which document limited the power of the English monarchy and outlined the rights of Parliament?

• House of Commons

• The English Bill of Rights.

• The Petition of Right.

• The Act of Settlement.

Answer explanation

The English Bill of Rights, enacted in 1689, limited the powers of the monarchy and established the rights of Parliament, ensuring a constitutional framework for governance in England.

Which of the following best describes a limited government?

• The government has absolute authority.

• The government's powers are defined and limited by law.

• The government is elected by the judiciary.

• The government is controlled by a single ruler.

Answer explanation

A limited government is characterized by the restriction of its powers through laws, ensuring that it cannot act beyond what is legally permitted. This contrasts with absolute authority or control by a single ruler.

What was the significance of the Magna Carta?

• It established the English Bill of Rights.

• It limited the power of the English king and established rights for nobles.

• It created a system of federalism.

• It advocated for the separation of powers.

Answer explanation

The Magna Carta was significant because it limited the power of the English king and established rights for nobles, laying the groundwork for future constitutional governance.

Who was Montesquieu?

• An American Founding Father.

• A French philosopher who advocated for the separation of powers.

• The principal author of the Declaration of Independence.

• The third president of the United States.

Answer explanation

Montesquieu was a French philosopher known for his work on political theory, particularly the idea of separation of powers, which influenced modern democratic governance.

What is a parliamentary government?

• A system where the executive branch is chosen by the legislative branch.

• A system where power is divided between central and regional governments.

• A system where the government has unrestricted powers.

• A system where the people elect representatives to make decisions.

Answer explanation

A parliamentary government is characterized by the executive branch being selected from the legislative branch, ensuring a close relationship between the two. This distinguishes it from other systems like federalism or unrestricted governments.

What is representative democracy?

• A form of democracy where citizens elect representatives to make decisions.

• A form of democracy where power is held by a monarch.

• A form of democracy where the government is chosen by the legislative branch.

• A form of democracy where power is divided between central and regional governments.

Answer explanation

Representative democracy is a system where citizens elect representatives to make decisions on their behalf, distinguishing it from other forms of governance like monarchy or legislative selection.

Who was Thomas Jefferson?

• A French philosopher.

• An American Founding Father and the third president of the United States.

• The principal author of the Magna Carta.

• A leader of the English Parliament.

Answer explanation

Thomas Jefferson was an American Founding Father who played a crucial role in drafting the Declaration of Independence and served as the third president of the United States, making him a key figure in American history.

In a parliamentary system, who typically serves as the head of government?

• Governor

• Prime Minister

• Chancellor

• President

Answer explanation

In a parliamentary system, the head of government is typically the Prime Minister, who is responsible for running the government and making policy decisions, unlike the other options which do not serve this role.