Heat, Temperature and state changes

What is thermal energy a measure of?

• The total kinetic energy of particles in a substance.

• The potential energy stored in a substance.

• The amount of heat transferred between objects.

• The energy produced by chemical reactions.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Fast-moving particles have

• • less thermal energy and higher temperatures than slow-moving particles.

• • Less thermal energy and lower temperatures than slow-moving particles.

• • more thermal energy and lower temperatures than slow-moving particles.

• • more thermal energy and higher temperatures than slow-moving particles.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What happens when there is an equal amount of energy that is transferred to and from two objects?

• • The temperature of the objects will continue to rise.

• • The temperature of the objects will stay the same.

• • The temperature of the objects will continue to cool.

• • The temperature of one object will cool, while the other will rise.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Thermal energy that is transferred from a warmer object to a cooler object is called ________.

• • evaporation

• • heat

• • motion

• • temperature

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

What usually happens to a liquid when its particles gain enough energy to break away?

• • The liquid begins to cool.

• • The liquid begins to condense.

• • The liquid begins to evaporate.

• • The liquid begins to sublimate

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

What happens as the particles of a liquid substance move into a gas state?

• • The liquid substance boils.

• • The liquid substance expands.

• The liquid substance sublimates.

• • The liquid substance condenses.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

At high temperatures, how do the particles of matter behave?

• Particles of matter remain stationary and do not interact.

• Particles of matter move slowly and rarely collide.

• Particles of matter condense and form solid structures.

• Particles of matter move rapidly and collide frequently.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which of the following has the most thermal energy?

• D: a bottle full of hot water

• A: a cup full of boiling water

• B: a bucket full of ice water

• C: a pond full of warm water

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Why does a cup of boiling water have more kinetic energy than a bowl of water, but less thermal energy?

• The speed of molecules in the cup is slower, and there are more total molecules.

• The speed of molecules in the cup is faster, and there is the same number of total molecules.

• The speed of molecules in the cup is faster, but there are fewer total molecules.

• The speed of molecules in the cup is slower, but there are fewer total molecules.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

What happens to the kinetic energy of particles as temperature increases?

• The kinetic energy of particles increases.

• The kinetic energy of particles remains constant.

• The kinetic energy of particles fluctuates randomly.

• The kinetic energy of particles decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4