12.3 F&C

What cultural change during the Middle Ages allowed for more people to enjoy works of literature?

• The decline of feudalism meant that more peasants had spare time available for reading.
• As more works were written in everyday languages (the vernacular), rather than in Latin, larger numbers of people could read them.
• The adventure-filled events of the Crusades provided a great deal of inspiration for writers, which led to an upswing in the numbers of stories being created.
• Such vast numbers of people began to study liberal arts at the universities that there was a large increase in demand for literature.

Which of the following is considered an artistic triumph of the High Middle Ages?

• the Romanesque architectural style
• the Gothic architectural style
• the Proslogion, by Anselm of Canterbury
• Roger Bacon’s Opus Majus

Troubadour poetry was usually about

• the love of a knight for a lady and how she inspired him to become a better knight and poet.
• the brave actions of knights fighting in battles.
• a group of people travelling together on a pilgrimage.
• realistic details of everyday life.

An aspect of medieval life that persists today is

• many people still live as peasants under the feudal system.
• the chanson de geste is still a popular form of literature.
• university students can still study the liberal arts and earn bachelor of arts and master of arts degrees.
• most cathedrals are still built in the Gothic style.

What was a major focus of the philosophical system called scholasticism?

• trying to show that what the Church taught did not contradict the ideas of the ancient Greek philosophers
• trying to prove that God did not exist
• trying to prove that the ancient Greek philosophers’ ideas were wrong
• comparing Church teachings to the ideas of ancient Greek philosophers to see which approach was better

During the twelfth century, educated people began to become interested in new forms of entertainment, and this created a market for

• Gregorian chants.
• vernacular literature.
• scholasticism.
• works written in Latin.

Why is The Canterbury Tales a good example of vernacular literature? Select all that apply.

• It is written in the language of everyday speech.
• It is written in Latin for educated people to read.
• It is intended to entertain its readers.
• Its main characters are on a pilgrimage.
• It is a large collection of short stories.

Saint Thomas Aquinas would disagree that

• both reason and faith can reveal truths.
• using pure reason can reveal a truth about the physical world.
• it is important to cite opposing opinions along with one’s own.
• truths can conflict with one another.

The introduction of large stained-glass windows into the walls of churches was made possible by builders’ development of

• cross-shaped floor plans.
• ribbed vaults and flying buttresses.
• barrel vaults and massive pillars.
• flat wooden roofs.

Which architectural style is associated with long, round-arched stone roofs supported by massive pillars and walls?

• Romanesque
• Gothic
• vernacular
• basilica