Cognitive Interview and Eyewitness Testimony Quiz

What is the primary purpose of the cognitive interview?

• To improve the information an eyewitness can retrieve about a crime

• To protect evidence from contamination

• To train police officers in using firearms

• To control crowds during a crime scene

Who developed the cognitive interview technique?

• Edward Geiselman and Ronald Fisher

• Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky

• Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung

• B.F. Skinner and John Watson

Which principle is the technique of reinstating the context based on?

• Freud's psychoanalytic theory

• Maslow's hierarchy of needs

• Pavlov's classical conditioning

• Tulving's encoding specificity principle

What is the second technique of the cognitive interview?

• Change perspective

• Reverse the order

• Reinstate the context

• Report everything

What is the recency effect?

• The tendency to remember the most recent events more clearly

• The influence of misleading information on memory

• The ability to recall events in reverse order

• The impact of anxiety on eyewitness testimony

What is the purpose of reversing the order of events in the cognitive interview?

• To build rapport with the witness

• To improve the accuracy of eyewitness identification

• To reduce the time taken for the interview

• To disrupt the effect of schemas

What does changing perspective in the cognitive interview aim to achieve?

• To make the interview more entertaining

• To confuse the eyewitness

• To ensure the eyewitness remembers only the important details

• To provide cues for the recall of other information

What did Fisher et al. develop in 1987?

• The Memory Retrieval Technique

• The Eyewitness Testimony Protocol

• The Standard Police Interview

• The Enhanced Cognitive Interview

What was a key finding of Geiselman et al.'s 1985 research?

• The cognitive interview increased the number of errors

• The cognitive interview led to more correctly recalled details than the standard interview

• The cognitive interview was less effective than the standard interview

• The cognitive interview was not suitable for violent crimes

What was the result of Fisher et al.'s 1989 study with Miami Police Department detectives?

• Trained detectives produced 63% more information with over 90% accuracy

• The cognitive interview was ineffective in real-life cases

• Untrained detectives produced more accurate information

• The cognitive interview led to more errors than the standard interview