What value represents the brightness of a star as viewed from Earth?

• stellar magnitude

• apparent magnitude

• H-R magnitude

• absolute magnitude

What is a chunk of space debris that has reached Earth's surface?

• bolide

• asteroid

• meteoroid

• meteorite

Which scientist proposed a system in which Earth and all other planets orbit the sun?

• a. Nicolaus Copernicus

• b. Galileo Galilei

• c. Tycho Brahe

• d. Johannes Kepler

How many planets were known to ancient astronomers?

• one

• three

• five

• seven

What star is located at the north celestial pole?

• Antares

• Vega

• Thuban

• Polaris

What is Saturn’s outermost major moon, which orbits in the opposite direction of most other moons?

• Phoebe

• Iapetus

• Enceladus

• Mimas

What evolutionary idea claims that the solar system formed from a cloud of gas and dust?

• disk theory

• nebular hypothesis

• protoplanetary hypothesis

• accretion theory

What happens to Earth’s orbital speed when Earth approaches aphelion?

• Orbital speed remains constant.

• Orbital speed increases.

• Orbital speed decreases.

• Orbital speed fluctuates.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

What is the primary factor that determines the brightness of average stars in the main sequence?

• temperature

• color

• size

• luster

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

What is the smallest type of structure formed by a group of galaxies?

• supercluster

• clump

• cloud

• cluster