Unit 1.3 Revew

Which choice best describes why 90% of all marine organisms thrive/live in the photic zone, which is the portion of a body of water that receives light from the sun and interacts with the atmosphere?

• The photic zone is a major source of carbon and nitrogen as nutrients for many organisms.

• Salinity and pH levels within the photic zone are most stable, enabling more organisms to live there.

• The photic zone is where photosynthesis occurs, and animals need photosynthetic organisms for food.

• All organisms need sunlight to live and they stay in the photic zone in order to gain the most sunlight possible.

When taken to a new habitat, non-native plants often threaten native plants of the new habitat. Why do non-native plants threaten native plants?

• Non-native plants are able to mutate rapidly.

• Non-native plants cause native plants to relocate.

• Non-native plants are able to be used for medicine.

• Non-native plants compete with native plants for resources.

Which type of succession is likely to occur immediately following a volcanic eruption that caused total destruction of a given area?

• Secondary succession because all of the soil was lost in the eruption.

• Primary succession because new organisms will be needed to create soil.

• Secondary succession because some previous soil will still be left behind after the eruption.

• Primary succession because it killed many of the organisms in the mountainous ecosystem.

The population of adult frogs in a wetlands ecosystem has increased to 1000 individuals, which is its carrying capacity. The frogs eat flies and other small animals, and they are prey for raccoons, snakes, and a variety of large birds. Which most likely would happen if an additional 200 adult frogs immigrated to the ecosystem?

• The carrying capacity for frogs in the ecosystem would increase by 200 frogs.

• The population frogs would decrease because of limited resources, or by predation or disease.

• The carrying capacity for frog predators in the ecosystem would increase by 200 individuals.

• The frog population would decrease by 200 frogs because of the individuals leaving the population.

There are 39 native species to the Florida Everglades National Park that are listed as threatened or endangered. Climate change has caused an increase in catastrophic events, such as hurricanes. What impact would a catastrophic event have on the endangered species ecosystem?

• An event could cause a loss of an endangered species, which would increase the mutation rate in plants.

• An event could cause a loss of an endangered species, which would reduce biodiversity in the ecosystem.

• An event could cause a loss of an endangered species, which would cause pesticides to become more toxic to insects.

• An event could cause a loss of an endangered species, which would decrease the space and resources available to other organisms.

The pictures show one of Earth's polar ice caps in 1990 and 2020. What change in the arctic ecosystem is being shown in the pictures?

• An increase in temperature at the Earth's core causing the ice cap to melt.

• A decrease in carbon dioxide being absorbed causing the ice cap to increase.

• An increase in the amount of ice in the ice cap because succession is occurring.

• A decrease in the size of the ice cap because Earth's climate is changing.

A pond ecosystem is shown in the diagram below. Which statement describes an interaction that helps maintain the dynamic equilibrium of this ecosystem?

• The frogs make energy available to this ecosystem through the process of photosynthesis.

• The algae directly provide food for both the rotifers and the catfish.

• The green-backed heron provides energy for the mosquito larvae.

• The catfish population helps control the populations of water boatman and waterfleas.

When an environment has reached its carrying capacity for a certain population, which of the following is true?

• Growth and immigration rate is equal to death and emigration rate.

• Growth and immigration rate is greater than death and emigration rate.

• Growth and immigration rate is less than death and emigration rate.

• Growth rate is exponential.

Angel was trying to explain carrying capacity to her mother. Which of the following descriptions is accurate? Carrying capacity is:

• the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can sustain.

• the ability of an environment to accommodate a growing population.

• the greatest number of individuals that an area can sustain over the long term.

• the maximum number of species that can co-exist in an area.

You have been studying population growth of a species of Paramecium, a single-celled organism, for 18 days. Food was occasionally added to the test tube. According to the diagram, what is the carrying capacity of the test-tube environment as long as food is added?

• about 10 paramecia

• about 55 paramecia

• about 75 paramecia

• about 100 paramecia