Atomic Structure and Fundamental Forces

The video explores the concept of atoms, starting from ancient Greek philosophy to modern scientific discoveries. It covers the development of atomic theory by John Dalton, the discovery of subatomic particles like electrons, protons, and neutrons, and the introduction of quantum theory by Niels Bohr. The structure of atoms, including the nucleus and electron shells, is explained, along with the fundamental forces that hold atoms together. The video concludes with modern advancements in atom manipulation and its significance in nanotechnology.

Who first introduced the idea that matter is composed of indivisible particles called 'atomos'?

• Democritus

• Leucippus

• Aristotle

• Plato

Which scientist is credited with reviving the atomic theory in the 19th century?

• J.J. Thomson

• Niels Bohr

• Ernest Rutherford

• John Dalton

Who discovered the electron, a particle smaller than an atom?

• Niels Bohr

• Ernest Rutherford

• Joseph John Thomson

• James Chadwick

What did Ernest Rutherford's gold foil experiment demonstrate about the structure of an atom?

• Atoms are made of quarks

• Atoms have a dense nucleus

• Atoms are indivisible

• Atoms have no empty space

According to Niels Bohr, how is energy emitted or absorbed by an atom?

• Through chemical reactions

• By splitting the nucleus

• In indivisible packets called quanta

• In continuous waves

What are the particles that make up protons and neutrons?

• Electrons

• Quarks

• Atoms

• Molecules

Which force is responsible for keeping protons and neutrons together in the nucleus?

• Weak nuclear force

• Strong nuclear force

• Electromagnetic force

• Gravitational force

What role does weak nuclear force play in the sun?

• It prevents solar flares

• It keeps the sun's core stable

• It initiates the process of hydrogen converting to helium

• It causes the sun to rotate

What is the significance of the IBM sign made of 35 xenon atoms?

• It was the first atomic bomb

• It was a new element discovery

• It was a failed experiment

• It marked a breakthrough in nanotechnology

What characterizes an element in the periodic table?

• Its atomic mass

• Its electron configuration

• Its proton number

• Its neutron number