Computational Thinking and Algorithms

This video provides a comprehensive revision lesson for the 2023 OCR J277 paper 2. It covers computational thinking, algorithm design, searching and sorting algorithms, programming fundamentals, additional programming techniques, defensive design, testing strategies, Boolean logic, programming languages, and the features of an integrated development environment (IDE). The lesson aims to enhance understanding and prepare students for their exams.

What is the primary goal of computational thinking?

• To solve problems in a way that humans can easily understand

• To structure solutions so that computers can easily follow

• To create complex algorithms for advanced computing

• To design user-friendly interfaces

Which of the following is true about a linear search?

• It checks each item in the list sequentially

• It is more efficient than a binary search

• It requires the list to be sorted

• It uses a divide and conquer approach

In a bubble sort, when does the algorithm stop?

• When a pass is completed with no swaps

• After a single pass through the list

• When the largest element is at the end of the list

• When all elements are in descending order

What is a constant in programming?

• A label used to identify a memory location

• A type of loop that runs indefinitely

• A fixed value that cannot change during program execution

• A variable that can change during program execution

Which data type is used to store true or false values?

• Character

• Boolean

• String

• Integer

What is the correct way to open a file for reading in Python?

• open('data.txt', 'x')

• open('data.txt', 'a')

• open('data.txt', 'r')

• open('data.txt', 'w')

In SQL, which keyword is used to specify the table from which to retrieve data?

• SELECT

• WHERE

• FROM

• JOIN

How do you access the third element in a Python list named 'colors'?

• colors[3]

• colors[2]

• colors[1]

• colors[0]

Which of the following is a characteristic of a high-level programming language?

• Hardware dependent

• Uses mnemonics

• English-like syntax

• Directly executed by the CPU

What is the purpose of input validation in defensive design?

• To make data entry faster

• To check data conforms to a rule

• To ensure data is entered twice

• To store data securely