ACCOMMODATION

What is accommodation in the context of the eye?

• a) The ability to adjust the size of the pupil

• b) The process by which the eye changes its refractive power to focus on near or distant objects

• c) The adaptation of the retina to different light intensities

• d) The alignment of both eyes to focus on a single object

Which part of the eye is primarily responsible for accommodation?

• a) Cornea

• b) Retina

• c) Crystalline lens

• d) Optic nerve

Which muscle is directly involved in the process of accommodation?

• a) Orbicularis oculi

• b) Ciliary muscle

• c) Rectus muscle

• d) Levator palpebrae superioris

How does the lens change when the eye focuses on a near object?

• a) It becomes thinner

• b) It remains the same

• c) It becomes thicker

• d) It flattens

What happens to the zonules of Zinn during accommodation for near vision?

• a) They contract, pulling the lens into a flat shape

• b) They relax, allowing the lens to become more convex

• c) They tighten, increasing the lens curvature

• d) They remain in a fixed position

Which of the following methods is commonly used to measure accommodation?

• a) AR

• b) Ophthalmoscopy

• c) Push-up test

• d) Visual acuity test

What is presbyopia?

• a) A condition where the eye cannot focus on distant objects

• b) A condition where the lens becomes more flexible

• c) The gradual loss of the eye’s ability to focus on near objects with age

• d) A refractive error due to an irregularly shaped cornea

What is the normal range of amplitude of accommodation in young adults?

• a) 1–2 diopters

• b) 4–5 diopters

• c) 10–12 diopters

• d) 15–20 diopters

Which anomaly is characterized by an inability to focus on both near and distant objects due to unequal refractive power in the two eyes?

• a) Myopia

• b) Hyperopia

• c) Astigmatism

• d) Anisometropia

In which condition does accommodation no longer occur effectively due to age-related stiffening of the lens?

• a) Hyperopia

• b) Myopia

• c) Presbyopia

• d) Amblyopia