REVIEW Unit 1 Test Practice

What was the main goal of European rulers in the late 16th century regarding monarchy?

• To establish a democratic government

• To become absolute monarchs

• To increase trade with Asia

• To abolish the monarchy

What did European monarchs believe justified their absolute rule?

• The support of the middle class

• The divine right

• The power of the military

• The wealth of the nobility

How did the emerging middle class in Europe support monarchs during the transition from the Middle Ages?

• By leading peasant revolts

• By supporting stability for their businesses

• By increasing taxes on the nobility

• By forming alliances with church leaders

What was a significant consequence of the 17th-century turmoil in Europe?

• Decreased military spending

• Increased power of the nobility

• The rise of absolutism

• The decline of monarchies

Who became king of France in 1643 at just four years old?

• Peter the Great

• Louis XIV

• Cardinal Mazarin

• Charles II

What was one of Peter the Great's main goals for Russia?

• To isolate Russia from Europe

• To modernize Russia

• To increase the power of the nobility

• To reduce military size

What reforms did Peter the Great implement to modernize Russia?

• He reduced taxes and abolished the army.

• He introduced potatoes and raised women's status.

• He banned trade with Europe.

• He dismantled the Russian Orthodox Church.

What was a significant outcome of the English Civil War?

• The monarchy gained more power.

• The Puritans were defeated.

• Charles was executed for treason.

• The Cavaliers won the war.

What was the Petition of Right that Charles I was compelled to sign?

• A document allowing him to levy taxes without consent.

• A promise not to imprison subjects without cause.

• A treaty with Spain and France.

• A declaration of war against Parliament.

Who succeeded Queen Elizabeth I and faced conflicts with Parliament?

• Charles I

• Oliver Cromwell

• James Stuart

• Louis XIV