US Topic 2; The Gilded Age

Which innovation extended the number of hours in a day that Americans could work and play?

• Bessemer process

• telegraph technology

• refrigeration

• electricity

Wealthy industrialists of this era were sometimes called “Robber Barons” because of their

• Failure to donate money to be used for the betterment of society.

• Use of cheap, often immigrant labor in unsafe working conditions.

• Tendency to keep costs for the American consumer low.

• Success in creating jobs for millions of Americans of the day.

How did railroads play a key role in transforming American industries?

• They made transporting large amounts of goods efficient and cheap.

• They raised the prices of goods which were then passed on to consumers.

• They gave robber barons a chance to show their power.

• They gave every American a chance to see the country.

Andrew Carnegie’s charity was perhaps best demonstrated by his donations to help build countless

• Libraries.

• Courthouses.

• Fire Stations.

• Train Stations.

Horizontal integration differs from vertical integration in that it

• Combines different businesses involved in all phases of a product’s development.

• Merges stocks from multiple businesses into a new organization.

• Consolidates many firms involved in the same business into one giant company.

• Requires investment from a number of people who share ownership in the firm.

Rural-to-urban (country-to-city) migration was primarily motivated by

• Plentiful land.

• Religious freedom.

• Fear of crime.

• Steady employment.

Where did most immigrants come from AFTER 1870?

• Eastern and Southern Europe

• Scandinavia

• South America

• Southeast Asia

What processing station did immigrants coming from Europe arrive at?

• Angel Island.

• Long Island.

• Ellis Island.

• Manhattan Island.

Which industry was revolutionized (and was made more efficient) through the Bessemer Process?

• Coal

• Banking

• Light bulbs / electricity

• Steel

Match the following

• Thomas Edison

• Oil tycoon who used horizontal integration to decrease costs and increase profits

• Andrew Carnegie

• steel tycoon who used vertical integration to increase profits

• John D Rockefeller

• Inventor who wanted to develop affordable lighting for homes

• Horatio Alger

• Sensationalist newspaper publisher, wrote the Morning Journal

• William Randoph Hearst

• author who wrote about characters who succeeded by hard work; From rags to riches