Which of the following best describes the three stages of the Fetch-Decode-Execute (FDE) cycle?

• Fetch: Retrieve instruction from memory; Decode: Interpret the instruction; Execute: Perform the operation.

• Fetch: Execute the operation; Decode: Retrieve instruction from memory; Execute: Interpret the instruction.

• Fetch: Interpret the instruction; Decode: Perform the operation; Execute: Retrieve instruction from memory.

• Fetch: Perform the operation; Decode: Execute the operation; Execute: Retrieve instruction from memory.

Differentiate between RAM and ROM and explain the role each plays in the computer system.

• RAM is volatile and used for temporary storage, while ROM is non-volatile and used for permanent storage.

• RAM is non-volatile and used for permanent storage, while ROM is volatile and used for temporary storage.

• Both RAM and ROM are volatile and used for temporary storage.

• Both RAM and ROM are non-volatile and used for permanent storage.

Compare solid-state storage, optical storage, and magnetic storage based on cost per GB, durability, and speed.

• Solid-state storage is the most expensive per GB but offers the best speed and durability.

• Optical storage is the cheapest per GB but has the lowest speed and durability.

• Magnetic storage offers a balance of cost, speed, and durability.

• All types of storage have the same cost per GB, speed, and durability.

Logic gates are used in computation. Which of the following best describes how an AND gate works?

• It outputs true only if both inputs are true.

• It outputs true if at least one input is true.

• It outputs false only if both inputs are false.

• It outputs true if both inputs are false.

Embedded systems are used in devices such as coffee machines and vacuum robots because they are:

• More cost-effective and efficient for specific tasks

• Able to run multiple complex applications simultaneously

• Designed to replace general-purpose computers

• Primarily used for entertainment purposes

What is the role of the control unit in the CPU during the execution of instructions?

• It performs arithmetic and logical operations.

• It manages the flow of data within the CPU.

• It stores data temporarily for quick access.

• It connects the CPU to external devices.

Cache memory is important in improving CPU performance because it:

• Stores frequently accessed data for quick retrieval

• Increases the clock speed of the CPU

• Reduces the size of the CPU

• Decreases the power consumption of the CPU

What is one advantage of using cloud storage for businesses?

• Cost efficiency

• Limited accessibility

• Data vulnerability

• Complex setup

The clock speed of a CPU affects its performance by:

• Increasing the number of instructions processed per second

• Decreasing the power consumption

• Reducing the heat generated

• Improving the graphics performance

Convert the following binary number to denary: 101101.

• 45

• 46

• 44

• 43