APWH Vocab Flashcard 9

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Referring to anything in the Americas before Columbus.

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Pre-Columbian

Front

Large mounds along North American rivers indicating advanced pre-Columbian agricultural societies and trade.

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Cahokia

Front

Giant, mysterious animistic lines in the Atacama desert, evidence of advanced cultures west of the Andes with mathematical skills.

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Nazca Lines

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Rapid advancement of Anasazi culture in the Southwest, linked to trade networks and archaeological finds at Pueblo Bonito and Mesa Verde.

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The Chaco Phenomenon.

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Middle America refers to Southern Mexico and Central America, where powerful pre-Columbian societies emerged.

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Mesoamerica

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Most advanced Classical Era Mesoamerican civilization that developed zero, excelled in astronomy, and built hundreds of cities before mysteriously abandoning them around 1000 C.E.

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The Maya

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Andean civilization on Peru's north coast (200-700 C.E.) known for irrigation and urban centers with brick temples. Cultivated maize, beans, and squash from Mesoamerica.

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Moche

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Largest pre-Columbian city with monumental architecture, traded with Zapotecs, known as "City of the Gods" for its pyramids.

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Teotihuacan

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Traditional community form in the Andes, seen in Moche culture and Incas, serving as an indigenous local government model in Bolivia and Peru.

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Ayllu

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Ancient Native American culture in the Four Corners region, known for trade and agriculture (irrigation, corn, beans, squash).

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The Ancestral Pueblos