Circulatory System - Study Material

What is the purpose of the circulatory system?

Answer explanation

The circulatory system's purpose is to transport oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body, ensuring that tissues receive the necessary substances for metabolism and function.

What are the five purposes of blood?

Answer explanation

Blood serves five key purposes: it transports O2 & CO2, protects against disease, transports hormones, carries nutrients & waste, and regulates heat. Each function is vital for maintaining homeostasis and overall health.

How many chambers are in the heart?

• One

• Four

• Three

• Two

Answer explanation

The heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. This structure allows for efficient circulation of blood throughout the body, making 'Four' the correct answer.

The only type of artery in the body which carries deoxygenated blood is

• pulmonary artery

• superior vena cava

• inferior vena cava

• aorta

Answer explanation

The pulmonary artery is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation, while all other arteries carry oxygenated blood. The superior vena cava and inferior vena cava are veins.

__________ are microscopic blood vessels with a wall formed of one layer of simple squamous cells.

• Capillaries

• Veins

• Arteries

• Aorta

Answer explanation

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels, consisting of a single layer of simple squamous cells, allowing for efficient exchange of gases and nutrients. This distinguishes them from veins and arteries, which have thicker walls.

______ transport blood towards the heart while ______ carry blood away from the heart

• Arteries & Veins

• Veins & Arteries

• Capillaries & Veins

• Arteries & Capillaries

Answer explanation

Veins transport blood towards the heart, while arteries carry blood away from the heart. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Veins & Arteries'.

Which chamber is the thickest muscular wall?

• Right atrium

• Left atrium

• Right ventricle

• Left ventricle

Answer explanation

The left ventricle has the thickest muscular wall because it needs to generate high pressure to pump oxygenated blood throughout the body, unlike the other chambers which pump blood to nearby areas.

What are the four components of blood?

Answer explanation

The four components of blood are Plasma, Red Blood Cells, White Blood Cells, and Platelets. Each plays a vital role in bodily functions, including transportation of nutrients and immune response.

Which ventricle of the heart pushes blood through the entire body?

• Left ventricle

• Right ventricle

• Right atrium

• Left atrium

Answer explanation

The left ventricle is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood to the entire body, making it the strongest chamber of the heart. In contrast, the right ventricle pumps blood only to the lungs.