Renal and Acid-Base Physiology 1

What percentage of total body water (TBW) is approximately 60% of body weight?

• 70%

• 50%

• 60%

• 40%

Which cation is the major component of extracellular fluid (ECF)?

• Mg2+

• Na+

• Ca2+

• K+

What is the major anion of intracellular fluid (ICF)?

• Sulfate

• Protein

• HCO3-

• Cl-

Which method is used to measure the volume of the fluid compartments?

• Absorption method

• Concentration method

• Dilution method

• Filtration method

What is the primary marker for measuring plasma volume?

• Inulin

• Mannitol

• Evans blue

• Tritiated water

What happens to ECF volume during the infusion of isotonic NaCl?

• Fluctuates

• Decreases

• Increases

• Remains unchanged

What is the effect of excessive NaCl intake on osmolarity?

• No effect on osmolarity

• Decreases ICF osmolarity

• Decreases ECF osmolarity

• Increases ECF osmolarity

Which substance is used to measure renal plasma flow (RPF)?

• Glucose

• Para-aminohippuric acid (PAH)

• Creatinine

• Inulin

What is the filtration fraction in normal conditions?

• 40%

• 10%

• 20%

• 30%

What is the primary action of aldosterone in the kidneys?

• Decreases Na+ reabsorption

• Increases water excretion

• Increases Na+ reabsorption

• Decreases K+ secretion