Energy Transformations practice

What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?

• Energy can be created and destroyed.

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.

• Energy is always lost as heat.

• Energy is only found in living organisms.

Answer explanation

The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This means the correct choice is that energy is always conserved in a closed system.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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Which of the following is an example of potential energy?

• A moving car

• A stretched rubber band

• A flowing river

• A spinning top

Answer explanation

A stretched rubber band stores potential energy due to its position and tension. In contrast, a moving car, flowing river, and spinning top are examples of kinetic energy, as they involve motion.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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What type of energy does a ball have when it is held at the top of a hill?

• Kinetic energy

• Thermal energy

• Potential energy

• Sound energy

Answer explanation

When a ball is held at the top of a hill, it has potential energy due to its height. This energy can be converted to kinetic energy when the ball rolls down the hill.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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Identify the type of energy transformation when a roller coaster goes down a hill.

• Potential to kinetic

• Kinetic to potential

• Thermal to potential

• Sound to kinetic

Answer explanation

As the roller coaster descends, it converts gravitational potential energy (due to its height) into kinetic energy (motion). Thus, the correct transformation is from potential to kinetic energy.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?

• A book on a shelf

• A compressed spring

• A flying airplane

• A charged battery

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. A flying airplane is in motion, thus it possesses kinetic energy. In contrast, a book on a shelf, a compressed spring, and a charged battery are examples of potential energy.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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What happens to the potential energy of an object as it falls?

• It increases

• It decreases

• It remains the same

• It turns into sound energy

Answer explanation

As an object falls, its height decreases, leading to a decrease in potential energy. This energy is converted into kinetic energy, which increases as the object accelerates downward.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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When a pendulum swings, at which point is its kinetic energy the greatest?

• At the highest point

• At the lowest point

• When it stops

Answer explanation

The kinetic energy of a pendulum is greatest at the lowest point of its swing. At this point, all potential energy has converted to kinetic energy, resulting in maximum speed and energy.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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Which of the following best describes kinetic energy?

• Energy stored in an object

• Energy due to motion

• Energy from the sun

• Energy from chemical reactions

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy an object possesses due to its motion. Therefore, the correct choice is 'Energy due to motion', as it accurately describes the nature of kinetic energy.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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What type of energy transformation occurs when you wind up a toy and then let it go?

• Chemical to thermal

• Potential to kinetic

• Kinetic to potential

• Thermal to sound

Answer explanation

When you wind up a toy, you store energy as potential energy. When you let it go, this potential energy transforms into kinetic energy, causing the toy to move. Thus, the correct transformation is potential to kinetic.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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What is the potential energy of an object dependent on?

• Its speed

• Its mass and height

• Its temperature

• Its color

Answer explanation

The potential energy of an object is determined by its mass and height above a reference point. It is given by the formula PE = mgh, where m is mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is height.

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DOK Level 1: Recall

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