Haitian Revolution

In the 1700’s the most valuable export from the French colony in Saint-Domingue (Haiti) was

• Cotton
• Gold
• Slaves
• Sugar

By the late 18th century, slaves made up ____% of the population of Saint-Domingue (Haiti).

• 90%

• 80%

• 70%

• 60%

To avoid losing the war for Saint-Domingue (Haiti) against Spain and Britain, the French

• enlisted slaves in the French army in exchange for their freedom.
• granted land to all Petit Blancs who contributed to the war effort.
• issued an official decree freeing all the slaves in the colony.
• troops retreated and granted independence to Saint-Domingue (Haiti).

What sparked unrest in Saint-Domingue (Haiti) in 1789?

• The Petit Blancs seized the city of Port-au-Prince.
• Some slaves heard a rumor the King of France had granted their freedom.
• The Grand Blancs had revoked freedom from the Wealthy People of Color.
• Napoleon had come to power and wanted to increase slavery in the colony.

Toussaint L’Ouverture became an officer in the _______ military, putting emancipation of the slaves ahead of his French citizenship.

• British
• Russian
• Portuguese
• Spanish

What New World or Western nation was the first to outlaw slavery?

• America
• Haiti
• Mexico
• Brazil

How did Toussaint L’Ouverture learn about the Enlightenment ideals that inspired him to lead a rebellion, end slavery, & make Haiti a nation?

• As a young slave he learned to read and write.
• He was raised in France during the revolution and Civil War.
• His father was French and he was raised as a Wealthy Free Person of Color.
• The wife of his slave master taught him about the Enlightenment.

Why is Toussaint L’Ouverture called “Napoleon Noir” or Black Napoleon?

• Because his father was French and his mother was a slave of African descent.
• Based on his belief in the ideals of the French Revolution.
• Once Haiti was independent of European rule he named himself First Consul.
• Because he was a short man with revolutionary ideas.

A similarity between the American and French Revolutions was that both revolutions

• were successful in large part because of help from abroad
• led to the crowning of a new monarch
• were led primarily by the middle class or bourgeoisie
• led to the establishment of stable democratic governments