Hematologic System Quiz

What does blood do?

• Transportation

• Regulation

• Protection

Answer explanation

Blood serves three main functions: it transports oxygen and nutrients, regulates body temperature and pH levels, and protects the body by fighting infections and healing wounds. Thus, it is essential for transportation, regulation, and protection.

What are the components of blood?

• Plasma

• Blood Cells

Answer explanation

Blood consists of two main components: plasma, which is the liquid part, and blood cells, which include red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Both are essential for various functions in the body.

What is the lifespan of RBC?

Answer explanation

Red blood cells (RBCs) typically have a lifespan of about 120 days in the human body. This is the correct answer, as they are continuously produced and eventually removed by the spleen and liver.

What are the types of leukocytes?

• Basophils

• Eosinophils

• Neutrophils

• Monocytes

• Lymphocytes

Answer explanation

Leukocytes, or white blood cells, are crucial for the immune system. The main types include Basophils, Eosinophils, Neutrophils, Monocytes, and Lymphocytes, all of which play distinct roles in immune response.

What is anemia?

• A reduction in the number of RBCs

• An increase in the number of RBCs

Answer explanation

Anemia is defined as a reduction in the number of red blood cells (RBCs) in the body, which can lead to decreased oxygen delivery to tissues. Therefore, the correct choice is 'A reduction in the number of RBCs'.

What are the clinical manifestations of anemia?

• Pallor

• Fatigue

• Dyspnea

• Palpitations

• Headache

Answer explanation

Anemia commonly presents with clinical manifestations such as pallor, fatigue, dyspnea, palpitations, and headache due to reduced oxygen delivery to tissues. All listed symptoms are correct manifestations of anemia.

What is the etiology of iron-deficiency anemia?

• Inadequate dietary intake

• Malabsorption

• Blood loss

• Hemolysis

Answer explanation

Iron-deficiency anemia can arise from inadequate dietary intake of iron, malabsorption issues affecting iron absorption, and blood loss from various sources. Hemolysis is not a primary cause of iron deficiency.

What is thalassemia?

• An autosomal recessive genetic disorder

• A type of blood cancer

Answer explanation

Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder that affects hemoglobin production, leading to anemia. It is not a type of blood cancer, making the first choice the correct answer.

What is Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) Deficiency formerly known as?

• Pernicious anemia

• Iron deficiency anemia

• Folic acid deficiency

• Aplastic anemia

Answer explanation

Cobalamin (Vitamin B12) deficiency is primarily associated with pernicious anemia, a condition where the body cannot absorb B12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor. This makes "pernicious anemia" the correct answer.

What is required for cobalamin absorption?

• Intrinsic factor

• Folic acid

• Vitamin D

• Calcium

Answer explanation

Intrinsic factor is essential for cobalamin (vitamin B12) absorption in the intestines. Without it, cobalamin cannot be effectively absorbed, leading to deficiencies. Other options like folic acid, vitamin D, and calcium are not required for this process.