2024-2025-8th Grade Q1 Exam

If the results of an experiment do not support a hypothesis, is the hypothesis a failure?

• Yes. In order for a hypothesis to be useful, the results of the experiment must support it.

• No. A mistake has been made in the procedure. The experiment should be repeated with a different procedure, because the results will support the hypothesis the second time.

• Not necessarily. Even if a hypothesis is not supported, the data collected may lead to
  new hypotheses and investigations.

• Yes. If the results of an experiment fail to support a hypothesis, the hypothesis is
  obviously wrong.

A student examines the effect of the number of D batteries in an electrical circuit on the brightness of a light bulb. In the experiment, circuits were built with 1, 2, 3, and 4 batteries. For each test, the brightness of the light bulb was measured using a light meter.

Which factor should the student keep constant?

• the type of batteries

• the number of D batteries

• the brightness of the light bulb

• the data collected from the light meter

When do scientists form hypotheses, and why are hypotheses MOST valuable to the
scientific method?

• Scientists form hypotheses as experiments are conducted. These hypotheses are
  valuable because they are the conclusions of tests.

• Scientists form hypotheses only after their experiments are complete. These
  hypotheses are valuable because they are the conclusions of tests.

• Scientists form hypotheses before experiments are conducted. These hypotheses are
  valuable because they guide the research to be attempted.

• Scientists form hypotheses when they communicate their results. These hypotheses
  are valuable because they are explanations from science.

Samuel conducts an experiment. He makes many observations and measurements and records each very carefully. At the conclusion of the experiment he discovers that the data he collected did not support his hypothesis. What should he do?

• Report his observations and conclusions honestly, clearly stating that the data did not support the hypothesis.

• Change his hypothesis to one that is supported by the data.

• Change the data so that they support his hypothesis.

• Throw all of his data and observations away and repeat the experiment.

Tags

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Albert Einstein’s general theory of relativity states that space can be curved by large masses, such as the sun. Einstein suggested that if a beam of light from a distant star passed near the sun, the light’s path would be bent as it passed through the curved space. A later experiment showed that Einstein was correct. What science skill was Einstein using when he described a beam of light from a distant star would be affected by curved space?

• a guess

• a prediction

• an observation

• a conclusion

Curtis conducts an investigation to determine which brand of paper towels is most absorbent. He records his findings in the table. What is the test variable (independent variable) and outcome (dependent variable) in this investigation?

• Test variable: brand of paper towels

  Outcome: amount of water absorbed

• Test variable: the liquid used

  Outcome: amount of water absorbed

• Test variable: the amount of water absorbed

  Outcome: brand of paper towels

• Test variable: the time the towels absorbed water

  Outcome: brand of paper towels.

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NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

Simran is learning how to design an experiment to test a hypothesis. What is the most likely outcome of testing a hypotheses in controlled conditions?

• avoiding dangerous conditions during experimentation

• limiting the variables that that can affect the experiment

• making the experiment easier to conduct

• keeping the experimental area sterile

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-2

Caleb wants to know how salt affects the boiling point of water. What is the BEST way for Caleb to collect data to answer this question?

• Bring 1 liter of water to a boil, then add 1 gram of salt and observe any changes.

• Add 1 gram of salt to 1 liter of water and time how long it takes for the water to boil.

• Add 1 gram of salt to 1 liter of water and leave a second liter free of salt; time how long it takes for each to boil.

• Add 1 gram of salt to 1 liter of water and 10 grams of salt to a second liter; time how long it takes for each to boil.

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How do replication and repeated trials compare?

• During both processes, the original investigator does the experiment again.

• During both process, a different investigator does the experiment again.

• During replication, a different investigator does the experiment again. During repeated trials, the original investigator does the experiment again.

• During replication, the original investigator does the experiment again. During repeated trials, a different investigator does the experiment again.

Miranda tested five brands of bubble gum to determine with which brand she could blow the biggest bubbles. After testing each brand, she asked three friends to also do the tests to see if they got the same results. Asking her friends to help is an example of which of the following?

• Repeated Trials

• Prediction

• Conclusion

• Replication