Which is the most accurate description of a nucleotide?

• The centre of a chromosome.

• A combination of DNA and histone protein.

• A monomer unit of nucleic acids.

• A nitrogenous base.

Which of the following describes the backbone of DNA?

• Covalent bonding between nitrogenous bases

• Hydrogen bonds between deoxyribose and phosphate molecules.

• Complimentary base pairing.

• Covalent bonds between deoxyribose and phosphate molecules.

Label the following parts of DNA on the diagram of DNA shown below.​ (a)   ​ (b)   ​ (c)   ​ (d)   ​ (e)  

• Hydrogen Bond
• Covalent Bond
• Nitrogenous Base
• Deoxyribose Sugar
• A single Nucleotide 

Complete the table to outline the differences between the structure of RNA and DNA (3 marks). A.__________ B._________C.________

What does the conservation of the genetic code across life forms suggest?  

• A divergence of species

• Evidence for universal common ancestry  
  

• Variability in genetic traits

• Distinct evolutionary paths

Which of the following bases pair together in DNA?

• Adenine and cytosine  
  

• Thymine and guanine  
  

• Adenine and thymine

• Cytosine and uracil  

As they do not have all the characteristics of living things, viruses are not considered to be living organisms. Therefore which is the best evaluation of the statement, “One universal property of living things is that they use DNA as the genetic material?”

• A. Correct, as all living organisms have DNA as their genetic material.

• Not correct, some viruses have RNA as their genetic material.

• Correct as DNA base sequences are the same in all organisms.

• Not correct because the genetic code is different in all organisms

What is the significance of the diversity of DNA base sequences?

• It limits the variety of genetic information

• It increases the potential for mutation

• It allows for the storage of vast amounts of genetic information

• It leads to uniformity in genetic traits

The Base Guanine always pairs with

• Thymine

• Uracil

• Cytosine

• Adenine

True or False: Complimentary base pairing ensures that A pairs with T, and C with G, so new strands of DNA have the same sequence as the original molecule.

• True

• False