Quiz: Temperature & Kinetic Energy

Look at the image of samples A and B. All particles are the same substance and have the same mass. On average, the particles in sample A have ________ kinetic energy than the particles in sample B. This means the temperature of sample A is ________ the temperature of sample B. Which terms best complete the sentences?

(a)   ​ (b)  

• higher than
• less
• equal to
• equal
• more
• lower than

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A teacher performs a demonstration for their class using a metal ball and ring like the one in the picture. The teacher asks the students to explain what happens to the ball from step 1 to step 3. Which explanation is the best?

• The particles in the ball gained kinetic energy when the temperature increased, and this caused them to spread out and increase the size of the ball.

• The particles in the ball gained kinetic energy when the temperature increased, and this caused each particle to increase in size, so the ball expanded.

• The particles in the ball lost kinetic energy to the air when the temperature increased, which caused the particles to spread out and make the ball larger.

• The heat added particles to the ball, which made the ball increase in size.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The following steps occur during the take off and flight of a hot air balloon. Put them in order of most kinetic energy to least kinetic energy.

• Step 1: Before the heat source is turned on, the balloon lies deflated on the ground.

• Step 2: The heat source is turned on, and the balloon begins inflating and lifting off the ground.

• Step 3: The heat source remains on while the balloon is fully inflated and in the air.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Which has more thermal energy — a bathtub full of cool water or a pot full of boiling water?

• The pot of boiling water, because each particle is moving faster and has more kinetic energy, even though there is less water overall.

• The bathtub of cool water, because it has a much larger mass of water, so the total thermal energy is greater even though each particle is moving slower.

• They have the same amount of thermal energy, because both contain water and are made of the same particles.

• The pot of boiling water, because its higher temperature means it always has more total energy than any cooler object.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Thermal expansion joints are often used in regions that have extreme changes in temperature throughout the year. These joints help reduce damage caused by thermal expansion. Consider the images of thermal expansion joints on a bridge during two different seasons. Predict which image shows thermal expansion joints during a hot summer and which image shows thermal expansion joints during a cold winter. Explain your answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

A student places a pot of water on the stove. She turns the stove on high and waits 5 minutes until the water is boiling. How did the energy of the water particles change over the course of the 5 minutes? Explain your answer in terms of thermal energy, kinetic energy, and temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5