What is the initial volume of a newborn's stomach on the first day of life?

• 5 ounces
• 1 ounce
• 10 ounces
• Less than 1 ounce

Which fat is particularly important for brain and eye development in infants?

• Linolenic acid
• Linoleic acid
• DHA
• Cholesterol

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in an infant's diet?

• Building muscles
• Protecting the skin
• Providing energy
• Aiding in blood clotting

Why should infants not be given cow's milk until they are at least one year old?

• It provides too little fat
• It lacks sufficient protein
• It does not provide enough iron and has too much calcium
• It can cause allergic reactions in all infants

Which combination of symptoms might suggest that an infant is experiencing gastroesophageal reflux (GER)?

• Loud, continuous crying, cold feet, and clenched hands
• Arching or writhing after feeding, frequent spitting up, and painful night waking
• Red face, frequent spitting up, and exhaustion
• Belly distension, painful blasts of crying, and stomach gas

How do the bowels of a newborn contribute to the absorption of nutrients?

• By providing enzymes that digest fat
• Through their well-vascularized mucous membrane, promoting quick absorption
• By regulating the volume of food intake
• Through the contraction and expansion of the stomach muscles

What role do essential amino acids play in an infant's diet, and why are they critical for healthy growth?

• They are the primary source of energy for babies.
• They help in protecting the skin and aiding blood clotting.
• The body cannot produce them, so they must be obtained from the diet for proper growth.
• They are required for iron absorption.

Why might an infant suffering from colic experience prolonged crying after a feeding?

• The stomach muscles are too weak to digest the food properly.
• Gas-producing foods or air intake during feeding cause stomach or intestinal pain.
• The infant lacks essential fats needed for digestion.
• Excessive carbohydrates in the diet lead to intestinal gas.

What is one environmental factor that can directly affect an infant's diet?

• The baby's weight
• Family eating habits
• Baby's birth order
• The baby's sleep patterns

Which environmental factor might affect the availability of fresh produce for a family?

• Geographic location
• Cultural traditions
• Socioeconomic status
• Parental knowledge