The Roman Republic; Section #1 & #2

How did the mythical legend of the founding of Rome influence Roman Culture?

• Romulus & Remus founded Rome in 753 BC and they became the upper class of Rome. (patricians)

• The She-wolf was their ruler/ leader over the city

• Ex; the wealthiest landowners/families settled in the 1800s

• It provided a way for them to talk to the Gods.

• They become invincible

What did Lucretia's sacrifice demonstrate about Roman Cultural Values?

Use an example to demonstrate the similarities between Roman and American

values.

• Lucretia's sacrifice showed that Romans valued wealth above all else.
• Lucretia's story highlights the importance of loyalty to a single leader.
• Lucretia's sacrifice demonstrated the Roman values of honor and self-sacrifice, similar to American values of individual sacrifice for the collective good.
• Lucretia's actions were primarily about personal gain and ambition.

What privileges and responsibilities are associated with the Patrician class?

Why would the plebian class accept a lower status?

How can we see this type of arrangement in the modern world?

• Patricians would serve in the military/ given military positions. The plebs would be taken care of by the Senate

• Patricians have military duties/ responsibilities. The plebs were part of the Patron-Client System. If you're at work, work harder so you earn more money.

• They did nothing all day and killed the plebs. There are bad people in the world today as well.

• As soon as a Republic becomes weak, they're lost.

What motivated the Plebs to demand reforms in Roman Society?

What changes occurred in the Roman Government System?

• They wanted to be able to leave the city to go and meet with other cities in the area.

• The Plebs wanted to be in control of some political power that the court contains.

• The patricians didn't care enough for the and they ended up boycotting the patricians and soon, they got their own written laws.

Identify two similarities between the organization of the Roman

Government and the modern American Government.

• 1; The government of Rome only has 2 people

  2; Nobody else has power

• 1; Vetos limited power to the Roman Consuls, the president has the power to veto laws by Congress.

  2; Two Consuls represent a President/ Vice President.

• 1; The power of veto-ing something is in control of the plebs

  2; 100 plebians are the same as 12 members of a court Jury

What was the reason behind only allowing landowners to be in the

military? What disadvantages could be associated with this military policy?

• They had the most to die for.(rank,family,land)

  Rome's economy was based on agriculture which was super time-consuming. If you only let certain people fight in the military, then your army may be strong, but it won't be as big/ powerful.

• They have nothing to lose, they're just doing it for their love/ respect for the city of Rome. The plebs have everything to lose though, they may be poor but they have more to lose mentally than physically.

Provide an example from Roman history that demonstrates their tough mentality.

What conditions must exist to promote a culture of toughness?

Do we have an environment in America that promotes the same mentality?

• A tough mentality/ culture is based on hard times. For example; hard times could be training to be in the military. We've been losing our toughness mentality in America over the past years because of Covid-19 and by thinking too much and doing a lot about it.

• In order to have a tough mentality, you need to have a tough body. For example; You need to work out more to get stronger. Most people in America are either overweight or underweight for eating too little/ too much.

Provide an example demonstrating how the Romans were resilient in the first Punic War.

How did resilience positively impact Rome? Provide an example of the likely outcomes for a society whose people lack resilience.

• The Romans were stubborn and never wanted to share anything but most importantly, they didn't want to lose a battle.

• The Carthagian's ruler wanted to give up and surrender to the Romans.

• the Romans consulted with their surrounding allies and got to work to summon a huge army.

• The Romans re-invented the way of naval warfare. Carthage surrendered which gave the Romans; Sicily, a ton of money, and Carthage's navy. If you lack resilience, you'll be stuck in the same place mentally.

What punishments were imposed upon the Carthaginians by the Romans after the 1st Punic War? How did those punishments influence Hannibal Barca and his strategies in the 2nd Punic War?

• Once Carthage gave Rome a ton of money, their navy, and Sicily, they went back to their own way of life and back to making money.

• Rome decided to expand their territory with their new navy/ army and taunted Carthage at the same time until they declared war on Rome. Hannibal decides to secretly create a huge army in Spain to help fight against Rome.

Describe the battle of Cannae and its impact on the Romans in the 2nd Punic War. Identify the primary lesson the Romans learned from their failure at Cannae and how they applied that lesson to attain victory.

• Rome lost the majority of their army when Hannibal Barca killed them at the battle of Cannae which made the few that survived, retreat to train the young soldiers how to fight and to think of better battle strategies.

• Hannibal was a very smart and conniving man which made the Carthaginians lose and get wiped out.