Ch 12 Motivation and Emotion Lesson 1- Theories of Motivation

Which psychologist thought that motivation could be traced back to basic physiological needs?

• Harry Harlow

• Stanly Schachter

• Clark Hull

• David McClelland

Jean is working hard to earn $3,000 for a car. Jean's hard work is an example of a(n)

• instinct.

• drive.

• biological incentive.

• fixed reaction pattern.

Why is the instinct theory of motivation flawed?

• Instincts represent only high-level, rather than low-level, needs.

• Instincts do not apply to needs that are intrinsically motivated.

• Instincts are not caused by environmental stimuli.

• Instincts do not explain behavior, they simply label it.

According to the drive-reduction theory of motivation, what is a person's goal when trying to meet physiological needs?

• to determine whether a motivation is intrinsic or extrinsic

• homeostasis

• to please other people, such as parents and friends

• to build a person's self-esteem

Which of the following is an example of intrinsic motivation?

• practicing soccer every evening because you enjoy playing the game

• going to a coffee shop with friends because they beg you to join them

• cleaning your room so you are allowed to go to the mall

• working for good grades in school so you can get into an elite college

Every day, Juanita gets so hungry during her 11:00 a.m. class that she is unable to concentrate. To take care of this problem, she has started eating an energy bar before class. What has she done?

• She has acquired a habit.

• She has acquired an instinct.

• She has achieved self-actualization.

• She has met a psychological need.

How is an incentive different from a drive?

• Incentives provide intrinsic motivation while drives provide extrinsic motivation.

• Drives provide intrinsic motivation while incentives provide extrinsic motivation.

• Incentives pull us to obtain needs whereas drives push us to reduce needs.

• Drives pull us to obtain needs whereas incentives push us to reduce needs.

You go to the local pizza parlor because you are hungry and you enjoy hanging out with your friends there. How would you best describe your motivation?

• You are only intrinsically motivated.

• You are only extrinsically motivated.

• You are both intrinsically and extrinsically motivated.

• It is impossible to know your motivations.

Jason practices chess every evening because he wants to win first place in a local tournament. Being awarded first place is an example of

• a physiological need.

• a fixed action pattern.

• drive-oriented behavior.

• an incentive.

Cognitive psychologists say that

• we are motivated primarily by our instincts.

• we are motivated by forces both inside and outside of us.

• psychological motives are always more important than physiological motives.

• biological drives account for the vast majority of human behavior.