Quiz 5: Unit 1.1- Potential & Kinetic Energy Vocab

What is the ability to do work, to move or cause change in matter?

• Energy

• Mass

• Volume

• Density

Answer explanation

The ability to do work or cause change in matter is defined as energy. It is the fundamental concept that allows for movement and transformation in physical systems.

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What type of energy is defined as the energy of motion and can be changed into other types of energy?

• kinetic energy

• potential energy

• thermal energy

• chemical energy

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy is defined as the energy of motion. It can be transformed into other forms of energy, such as potential energy or thermal energy, making it the correct choice for this question.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

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Which of the following is a type of Kinetic Energy?

• Gravitational

• Radiant

• Chemical

• Nuclear

Answer explanation

Radiant energy is a form of kinetic energy associated with the motion of photons. Unlike gravitational, chemical, and nuclear energies, which are potential or stored forms, radiant energy is directly related to motion.

Which of the following does NOT have an effect on kinetic energy?

• speed

• velocity

• volume

• mass

Answer explanation

Kinetic energy depends on speed (the magnitude of velocity) and mass. Volume does not affect kinetic energy, as it is not a factor in the formula KE = 1/2 mv². Therefore, the correct answer is volume.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-1

As mass increases, what happens to kinetic energy?

• increases

• decreases

• does not change

Answer explanation

As mass increases, kinetic energy, which is calculated as 1/2 mv², also increases if velocity remains constant. Therefore, the correct answer is that kinetic energy increases.

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What type of energy involves a chemical reaction waiting to happen, such as fuel in a car before it is used?

• Potential energy

• Kinetic energy

• Thermal energy

• Electrical energy

Answer explanation

Potential energy is stored energy, like fuel in a car, which has the potential to release energy through a chemical reaction when used. This distinguishes it from kinetic, thermal, and electrical energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

What type of energy is waiting for energy to be released, such as a bow that is stretched but not released.

• gravitational

• chemical

• nuclear

• mechanical

Answer explanation

The energy described is mechanical energy, which is stored in objects due to their position or state, like a stretched bow. It is potential energy waiting to be converted into kinetic energy when released.

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NGSS.MS-PS3-2

Which of the following is an example of potential energy?

• A moving car

• A stretched rubber band

• Flowing water

• Sunlight

Answer explanation

A stretched rubber band stores potential energy due to its position and tension. In contrast, a moving car, flowing water, and sunlight represent kinetic or radiant energy, not potential energy.

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Which of the following is NOT a form of potential energy?

• Elastic

• Gravitational

• Sound

• Chemical

Answer explanation

Sound is a form of kinetic energy, as it involves the movement of particles. In contrast, elastic, gravitational, and chemical energies are all forms of potential energy, which store energy based on position or configuration.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

What type of energy is associated with the position of an object, ready to be used.

• Kinetic energy

• Potential energy

• Thermal energy

• Chemical energy

Answer explanation

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or state. It is ready to be converted into kinetic energy when the object is set in motion, making it the correct choice for energy associated with position.

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