Exploring Cell Biology Concepts

What are the main components of a cell?

• Cell wall, chloroplasts, ribosomes

• Cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus

• Mitochondria, lysosomes, vacuoles

• Endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, cytoskeleton

Describe the function of the cell membrane.

• The cell membrane regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

• The cell membrane provides energy for cellular processes.

• The cell membrane is responsible for protein synthesis.

• The cell membrane acts as a storage unit for genetic material.

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Eukaryotic cells are always smaller than prokaryotic cells.

• Prokaryotic cells contain multiple chromosomes; eukaryotic cells have a single chromosome.

• Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus; eukaryotic cells do not.

• Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

List three functions of the cell organelles.

• Nucleus: Storage of energy in the form of ATP.

• 1. Mitochondria: Energy production (ATP synthesis). 2. Ribosomes: Protein synthesis. 3. Endoplasmic Reticulum: Processing and transport of proteins and lipids.

• Chloroplasts: Photosynthesis in animal cells.

• Golgi Apparatus: Breakdown of waste materials.

How do plant cells differ from animal cells?

• Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts, and large central vacuoles; animal cells do not.

• Animal cells have a rigid cell wall, while plant cells do not.

• Plant cells have lysosomes, while animal cells do not.

• Plant cells contain mitochondria, whereas animal cells do not.

What role does the nucleus play in a cell?

• The nucleus produces energy for the cell.

• The nucleus is responsible for protein synthesis.

• The nucleus transports nutrients within the cell.

• The nucleus controls cell activities and stores genetic information.

Explain the process of cell division.

• Cell division involves DNA replication, mitosis (or meiosis), and cytokinesis.

• Cell division does not involve any genetic material.

• Cell division is a process of protein synthesis.

• Cell division only occurs in plant cells.

What is the function of mitochondria in a cell?

• To store genetic information

• The function of mitochondria in a cell is to produce energy in the form of ATP.

• To regulate cell division

• To synthesize proteins

Identify the structure that controls what enters and exits the cell.

• Cell membrane

• Ribosome

• Cytoplasm

• Nucleus

What is the purpose of the cell wall in plant cells?

• To facilitate photosynthesis in plant cells.

• The purpose of the cell wall in plant cells is to provide structural support and protection.

• To store nutrients and waste products.

• To regulate the movement of water in and out of the cell.