Biology Ch 2. Vocabulary Words III (10/15/24)

A sphere of hydration occurs when:

• A nonpolar molecule dissolves in water

• Polar water molecules surround charged or polar molecules, keeping them dissolved

• Water evaporates from a solution

• Water freezes around ions

Structural isomers are molecules that:

• Have different chemical formulas but the same structure

• Have the same chemical formula but different atomic arrangements

• Are mirror images of each other

• Have different numbers of protons

A substituted hydrocarbon is a molecule in which:

• One of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by an atom of another element

• A hydrogen atom is replaced by a carbon atom

• A hydrogen atom is replaced by a molecule of water

• A hydrocarbon chain forms a cyclic structure

Surface tension is caused by:

• Gravity pulling on the molecules

• The cohesive forces between liquid molecules at the surface

• The adhesive forces between molecules

• The temperature of the liquid

The valence shell of an atom is the:

• Outermost shell where electrons are found

• Innermost shell of an atom

• Region where protons are located

• Shell where neutrons are found

Van der Waals interactions are:

• Weak interactions between molecules due to temporary charges

• Strong covalent bonds between molecules

• Ionic bonds between atoms

• Hydrogen bonds between polar molecules