Motivation Theory

In the call center, Benjamin is trying to motivate his subordinates to complete their assignments. He believes that external rewards and punishments play a crucial role in this process. Which theory of motivation emphasizes the importance of these external factors?

• A. Taylorism

• B. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• C. Expectancy Theory

• D. Equity Theory

Answer explanation

A. Taylorism emphasizes the role of external rewards and punishments in motivating workers, aligning with Benjamin's belief in using these factors to encourage his subordinates to complete their assignments.

In a classroom, William believes that if he studies hard, he will perform well on his exams, which will lead to receiving a scholarship. Which theory of motivation does this scenario illustrate?

• A. Taylorism

• B. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• C. Expectancy Theory

• D. Equity Theory

Answer explanation

This scenario illustrates Expectancy Theory, as William believes that his effort in studying will lead to better exam performance, which he expects will result in receiving a scholarship.

In a classroom setting, Jackson is trying to understand which theory emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation, autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

• A. Taylorism

• B. Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

• C. Self-Determination Theory

• D. Equity Theory

Answer explanation

Self-Determination Theory emphasizes intrinsic motivation and the psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, making it the correct choice. The other theories focus on different aspects of motivation and behavior.

According to Expectancy Theory, which of the following factors is NOT a key determinant of motivation?

• A. Expectancy

• B. Instrumentality

• C. Valence

• D. Equity

Answer explanation

According to Expectancy Theory, motivation is determined by expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Equity, while important in motivation theories, is not a key determinant in this specific framework.

In a recent team meeting, Zoe suggested implementing a new bonus system to motivate employees. Which of the following is a potential drawback of using extrinsic rewards like bonuses to motivate employees?

• A. They can lead to increased intrinsic motivation.

• B. They can reduce the quality of work.

• C. They can create a more positive work environment.

• D. They can increase employee satisfaction.

Answer explanation

Using extrinsic rewards like bonuses can lead to a focus on short-term gains, potentially reducing the quality of work as employees may prioritize meeting bonus criteria over producing high-quality results.

Self-Determination Theory emphasizes the importance of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Which of the following is NOT a way to promote autonomy in the workplace?

• A. Providing employees with more control over their work tasks.

• B. Implementing a top-down performance appraisal system

• C. Giving employees more opportunities for decision-making.

• D. Encouraging employees to take initiative.

Answer explanation

B is correct because a top-down performance appraisal system limits employee autonomy by imposing evaluations from above, rather than allowing employees to have control and input in their performance assessments.

Equity Theory suggests that employees compare their input-to-output ratio with that of others. Which of the following is a potential consequence of perceived inequity?

• B. Decreased productivity

• C. Increase of commitment

• D. None

Answer explanation

Equity Theory posits that perceived inequity leads to dissatisfaction. When employees feel their input-to-output ratio is unfair compared to others, it often results in decreased productivity as they may disengage from their work.

According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, which of the following is a hygiene factor in Ava's workplace?

• A. Achievement

• B. Recognition

• C. Responsibility

• D. Working conditions

Answer explanation

According to Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory, hygiene factors are elements that prevent dissatisfaction. 'Working conditions' (D) are a hygiene factor, while 'Achievement' (A), 'Recognition' (B), and 'Responsibility' (C) are motivators.

In a recent class discussion, Henry shared his thoughts on job satisfaction. What is the primary focus of Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory in relation to job satisfaction?

• A. The role of intrinsic and extrinsic factors

• B. The impact of social comparison

• C. The hierarchy of needs

• D. The importance of fairness

Answer explanation

Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory emphasizes the role of intrinsic factors (like achievement and recognition) and extrinsic factors (like salary and work conditions) in determining job satisfaction, making A the correct choice.

In a classroom setting, James is trying to understand which motivation theory emphasizes the role of personal growth and self-improvement as key motivators for individuals.

• A. Equity Theory

• B. Self-Determination Theory

• C. Expectancy Theory

• D. Taylorism

Answer explanation

Self-Determination Theory emphasizes personal growth and self-improvement as key motivators, focusing on intrinsic motivation and the fulfillment of psychological needs, making it the correct choice for James's question.