Psych. Ch. 4 pgs 120-126

In operant conditioning, what influences the likelihood of a behavior occurring again?

• The initial stimulus

• The consequences of the behavior

• The environment

• The time of day

Diagram of a rat in a Skinner box with labeled components: Speaker, Lights, Lever, Dispenser.

• Speaker

• Lights

• Lever

• Dispenser

How often might a slot machine be programmed to provide a win?

• Every 10 times

• Every 15 times

• Every 20 times

• Every 25 times

What effect does the unpredictability of a variable-ratio schedule have on behavior?

• Weaker responses

• No effect

• Stronger responses

• Decreased interest

What is an example of a complex task mentioned in the text that can be achieved through shaping?

• A dog sitting on command

• A cat using a litter box

• A dolphin performing a series of tricks

• A bird singing a song

What is the purpose of the speaker in the operant conditioning setup?

• To dispense food

• To provide auditory signals

• To shock the rat

• To light up the setup

What is the role of the lever in the operant conditioning setup?

• To dispense food

• To provide auditory signals

• To be pressed by the rat

• To light up the setup

How do secondary reinforcers become effective?

• Through natural preference

• By being biologically necessary

• By association with primary reinforcers

• By being inherently rewarding

What is an example of a learned secondary reinforcer mentioned in the text?

• A bell

• A whistle

• A light

• A sound

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of primary reinforcers?

• Naturally preferred

• Biologically necessary

• Learned through conditioning

• Inherently rewarding