module 1.2

How was knowledge transmitted in societies without writing?

• Via technological advancements

• By scientific experiments

• Orally through storytelling

• Through written texts

What role did elders play in societies without writing?

• They created written records

• They passed down essential knowledge

• They focused on scientific inquiry

• They developed new technologies

What do myths, legends, and folklore represent in indigenous knowledge systems?

• A body of knowledge accumulated over generations

• A collection of historical events

• A set of written laws

• A body of scientific knowledge

What did Greek philosophers emphasize that differed from earlier societies?

• Empirical observations

• Abstract scientific thought

• Ritualistic practices

• Oral traditions

What was a significant impact of the invention of writing?

• It limited knowledge transmission

• It facilitated complex logic and abstract thought

• It reduced the need for empirical evidence

• It made oral traditions obsolete

How did the Sumerians approach disease treatment?

• Only through empirical methods

• By relying solely on written texts

• Exclusively through magical rituals

• Using both empirical and magical approaches

What did the Golden Age of Islamic Civilization contribute to Medieval Europe?

• The establishment of oral traditions

• A wealth of knowledge in various fields

• A decline in scientific knowledge

• A focus on mythological studies

What does the hypothetico-deductive method prioritize?

• Magical explanations

• Empirical evidence and systematic inquiry

• Oral storytelling and traditions

• Philosophical debates

What cultural shift did the European Enlightenment promote?

• Rational skepticism and human progress

• Strict adherence to tradition

• Focus on oral knowledge

• Rejection of scientific discovery

What is reductionist science primarily concerned with?

• Promoting oral traditions

• Exploring magical explanations

• Breaking down complex systems into parts

• Studying systems as a whole