Thermodynamics Quiz

An endothermic reaction causes the surroundings to:

• warm up

• become acidic

• condense

• decrease in temperature

• release CO₂

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

How many calories are in 854.3 J (1 cal = 4.184 J)?

• 4.9 x 10⁻³ cal

• 204.2 cal

• 1.1 x 10⁻³ cal

• 0.239 cal

• 3,574 cal

The dissolution of barium hydroxide in water is an exothermic process. Which of the following statements is correct?

• The enthalpy of solid barium hydroxide plus pure water is less than that of the solution, at the same temperature.

• The enthalpy of solid barium hydroxide plus pure water is greater than that of the solution, at the same temperature.

• The enthalpy of solid barium hydroxide plus pure water is the same as that of the solution, at the same temperature.

• The temperature of the solution is lower than that of the barium hydroxide and water before mixing.

• When barium hydroxide dissolves in water, the system does work on the surroundings.

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

Your favorite candy bar, Gummy Beakers, contains 1.2 x 10⁶ J of energy while your favorite soft drink, Bolt, contains 6.7 x 10⁵ J. If you eat two packs of Gummy Beakers a day and drink 3 cans of Bolt, what percent of your 2000 Calorie daily food intake is left for broccoli, beans, beef, etc. (1 cal = 4.184 J)?

• 53%

• 47%

• 27%

• 11%

• 0%

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

Calculate q when 28.6 g of water is heated from 22.0°C to 78.3°C (specific heat capacity for water = 4.184 J/(g·K)).

• 0.385 kJ

• 1.61 kJ

• 6.74 kJ

• 9.37 kJ

• 1.61 x 10³ kJ

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

If, as a pioneer, you wished to warm your room by taking an object heated on top of a pot-bellied stove to it, which of the following 15-pound objects, each heated to 100°C, would be the best choice? The specific heat capacity (in J/g·K) for each substance is given in parentheses. Iron (0.450), copper (0.387), granite (0.79), gold (0.129), water (4.184).

• iron

• copper

• granite

• gold

• H₂O

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

The Starship Enterprise is caught in a time warp and Spock is forced to use the primitive techniques of the 20th century to determine the specific heat capacity of an unknown mineral. The 307-g sample was heated to 98.7°C and placed into a calorimeter containing 72.4 g of water at 23.6°C. The heat capacity of the calorimeter was 15.7 J/K. The final temperature in the calorimeter was 32.4°C. What is the specific heat capacity of the mineral?

• 0.124

• 0.131

• 0.138

• 0.145

• NONE

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

A common laboratory reaction is the neutralization of an acid with a base. When 50.0 mL of 0.500 M HCl at 25.0°C is added to 50.0 mL of 0.500 M NaOH at 25.0°C in a coffee cup calorimeter, the temperature of the mixture rises to 28.2°C. What is the heat of reaction per mole of acid? Assume the mixture has a specific heat capacity of 4.18 J/(g·K) and that the densities of the reactant solutions are both 1.00 g/mL.

• 670

• 1300

• 27

• 54

• >100

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

How many degrees of temperature rise will occur when a 25.0 g block of aluminum absorbs 10.0 kJ of heat? The specific heat of Al is 0.900 J/g·°C.

• 0.44°C

• 22.5°C

• 225°C

• 360°C

• 444°C

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NGSS.HS-PS3-1

NGSS.HS-PS3-4

Naphthalene combustion can be used to calibrate the heat capacity of a bomb calorimeter. The heat of combustion of naphthalene is -40.1 kJ/g. When 0.8210 g of naphthalene was burned in a calorimeter containing 1,000. g of water, a temperature rise of 4.21°C was observed. What is the heat capacity of the bomb calorimeter excluding the water?

• 32.9 kJ/°C

• 7.8 kJ/°C

• 3.64 kJ/°C

• 1.76 kJ/°C

• 15.3 kJ/°C

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NGSS.HS-PS3-4