BIO 112 Ch. 10 Quiz

What is the difference between general and special senses?

• General senses are distributed throughout the body, while special senses are localized to specific organs confined to the head.

• General senses are localized to specific organs, while special senses are distributed throughout the body.

• General senses include vision and hearing, while special senses include touch and temperature.

• General senses are only found in the skin, while special senses are found in the brain.

Which is not true of the general types of receptors?

• Thermoreceptors respond to noise.

• Photoreceptors respond to light.

• Chemoreceptors respond to chemical stimuli.

• Nociceptors respond to pain.

What is sensory adaptation? Which types of senses adapt?

• Sensory adaptation is the process by which our senses adjust to different levels of stimulation. All five senses can adapt, including sight, hearing, taste, smell, and touch.

• Sensory adaptation is the process by which our senses become more sensitive over time. Only sight and hearing can adapt.

• Sensory adaptation is the process by which our senses become less sensitive over time. Only taste and smell can adapt.

• Sensory adaptation is the process by which our senses adjust to different levels of stimulation. Only touch and hearing can adapt.

Sense of smell – what type of receptors are involved? Where are the receptors located? What is the nerve pathway for the sense of smell?

• Olfactory receptors; located in the olfactory epithelium; olfactory nerve pathway

• Taste receptors; located on the tongue; gustatory nerve pathway

• Photoreceptors; located in the retina; optic nerve pathway

• Mechanoreceptors; located in the skin; somatosensory nerve pathway

What structures do you find in the middle ear? What is the general function of each?

• The middle ear contains the malleus, incus, and stapes, which transmit sound vibrations.

• The middle ear contains the cochlea, which converts sound into neural signals.

• The middle ear contains the pinna and ear canal, which collect sound waves.

• The middle ear contains the semicircular canals, which help with balance.

Which of the following structures are found in the inner ear and what is their general function?

• Cochlea - responsible for hearing, Vestibule - responsible for balance, Semicircular canals - responsible for detecting rotational movements

• Cochlea - responsible for balance, Vestibule - responsible for hearing, Semicircular canals - responsible for detecting linear movements

• Cochlea - responsible for detecting rotational movements, Vestibule - responsible for hearing, Semicircular canals - responsible for balance

• Cochlea - responsible for detecting linear movements, Vestibule - responsible for detecting rotational movements, Semicircular canals - responsible for hearing

What are the functions of the structures found in the outer layer of the eye?

• Protection and focusing light

• Color vision and image processing

• Nutrient supply and waste removal

• Regulating eye pressure

What types of receptors are involved in sight? Where are these receptors located? What is the role of rods and cones?

• Rods and cones are photoreceptors located in the retina; rods are responsible for vision in low light, and cones are responsible for color vision and detail.

• Rods and cones are mechanoreceptors located in the cornea; rods are responsible for detecting sound, and cones are responsible for detecting pressure.

• Rods and cones are chemoreceptors located in the lens; rods are responsible for taste, and cones are responsible for smell.

• Rods and cones are thermoreceptors located in the optic nerve; rods are responsible for temperature detection, and cones are responsible for heat detection.

What is the nerve pathway (simplified) for hearing?

• The optic nerve transmits visual signals to the brain.
• The sensory neurons in the skin relay touch signals to the brain.
• The olfactory nerve carries smell signals from the nose to the brain.
• The auditory nerve transmits signals from the cochlea to the brain.

What is the nerve pathway (simplified) for sight?

• The nerve pathway for sight includes the cochlea and auditory cortex.
• The nerve pathway for sight consists of the olfactory bulb and limbic system.
• The nerve pathway for sight is made up of the spinal cord and motor cortex.
• The nerve pathway for sight involves the retina, optic nerve, optic chiasma, and primary visual cortex.